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ABOUT THE LIBRARY
The LUMCON Library collection was originally housed in Ellender Memorial Library, located at Nicholls State University in Thibodaux, Louisiana. After completion of the DeFelice Marine Center in 1986, the collection was moved to its present location. Since that time, the Library has become an active resource center for LUMCON faculty and staff as well as Consortium member institutions, visiting researchers, students, and the public.
The library contains a computer lab and several study spaces available to visiting students, scientists, or groups (such as attendees of a writing retreat).
The collection and development of library materials reflects LUMCON’s research programs. The collection has approximately:
- 4,600 monographs
- 5,800 bound volumes
- 200 journal titles
- 26 current journal subscriptions
- 850 maps
- 35 atlases
- 3,600 government documents
- 1,500 reprints
In addition, the library houses a complete collection of research products generated by DeFelice Marine Center personnel since LUMCON’s inception.
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INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
The LUMCON Library is available as an internship site for graduate-level students who have completed at least two semesters toward a Master’s degree in Library and Information Science. Applications will be accepted on a continuing basis and internships may be completed during any semester. Prior library experience or an undergraduate degree in science is desirable, but not necessary. Credits will be awarded based on the number of person-hours completed (40 person-hours per credit hour).
The internship will consist of both field experience, encompassing many operations of a special library, and a special project in technical services. The Librarian will give the intern an overview of reference services, technical services, library administration, and budgeting, and will guide the intern through special projects. The LUMCON Library uses SIRSI/Dynix’s Symphony Integrated Library System as well as OCLC for Cataloging/Interlibrary Loan services.
Contact the Librarian for more information or to apply for an internship.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would like to thank the following individuals for their guidance and input when creating the Dispersants Bibliography:
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- Victoria Broje, Per Daling, Alun Lewis, and Francois-Xavier Merlin offered valuable assistance in the early phases of this project. Per Daling’s support was especially noteworthy, by providing conference proceedings that otherwise could not be obtained.
- Deborah Ansell, ITOPF’s librarian, contributed by sharing her sizeable list of library holdings on dispersant publications with us, and filling in gaps where existing citation information was incomplete.
- Likewise, Julie Anne Richardson, librarian for Environment Canada, compiled a publication listing on dispersants housed in her collection, which provided us with additional citations for our project.
- Qianxin Lin at Louisiana State University provided API conference proceedings for us to use in transcribing abstracts.
- Nancy Kinner at the Coastal Response Research Center provided encouragement, focus, and connected us with some of the aforementioned people.
- Finally, Don Davis and Karen Reeder Emory at OSRADP deserve special mention for all of their help and direction during the span of this project.
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The LUMCON Library is a member of the International Association of Aquatic and Marine Science Libraries and Information Centers (IAMSLIC), the Southeast Affiliate of IAMSLIC Libraries (SAIL), and the Louisiana Library Network and Information Consortium (LOUIS). Additionally, the Library has access to OCLC Cataloging/Interlibrary loan services.
Click here to search LUMCON’s e-Library catalog using the LOUIS portal.
DISPERSANTS BIBLIOGRAPHY
Total Records Found: 1944
Duke, N.C.; Burns, K.A. 1999. Fate and Effects of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Mangrove Ecosystems in Australia, Townsville, Qld: Australian Institute of Marine Science. 247p. URL
Duke, N.C.; Burns, K.A.; Swannell, R.P.J.; Dalhaus, O.; Rupp, R.J. 2000. Dispersant use and a bioremediation strategy as alternate means of reducing impacts of large oil spills on mangroves: the Gladstone field trials. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 41 (7-12): 403-412. ISSN: 0025-326X. doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00133-8.
Abstract
Over a three-year period (1995-1998), we studied short-term effects of dispersant use and a bioremediation strategy in two consecutive field trials in sub-tropical Australian mangroves. In each case, weathered oil was applied, and a large spill simulated, in mature Rhizophora stylosa trees around 4-9 m tall. In the first trial, we used Gippsland light crude oil with or without dispersant, Corexit 9527. In the second, a bioremediation strategy followed application of Gippsland oil or Bunker C fuel oil. Bioremediation involved forced aeration with supplemental application of nutrients. Dispersant use had an overall positive benefit shown as reduced tree mortality. By contrast, there was no apparent reduction in mortality of trees with bioremediation. However, one year after oiling, leaf densities of surviving trees were greater in bioremediation plots than in controls, and less in oil-only plots. These and other results have been incorporated into spill response management strategies in Australia
Reprinted from Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 41, N.C. Duke, K.A. Burns, R.P.J. Swannell, O. Dalhaus, R.J. Rupp, Copyright 2000, with permission from ElsevierOver a three-year period (1995-1998), we studied short-term effects of dispersant use and a bioremediation strategy in two consecutive field trials in sub-tropical Australian mangroves. In each case, weathered oil was applied, and a large spill simulated, in mature Rhizophora stylosa trees around 4-9 m tall. In the first trial, we used Gippsland light crude oil with or without dispersant, Corexit 9527. In the second, a bioremediation strategy followed application of Gippsland oil or Bunker C fuel oil. Bioremediation involved forced aeration with supplemental application of nutrients. Dispersant use had an overall positive benefit shown as reduced tree mortality. By contrast, there was no apparent reduction in mortality of trees with bioremediation. However, one year after oiling, leaf densities of surviving trees were greater in bioremediation plots than in controls, and less in oil-only plots. These and other results have been incorporated into spill response management strategies in Australia
Duke, T.W.; Petrazzuolo, G. 1989. Oil and Dispersant Toxicity Testing: Proceedings of a Workshop on Technical Specifications held in New Orleans, January 17-19, 1989, New Orleans, La: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Regional Office. 139p.
Duke, T.W. 1989. A proposed microcosm system for evaluating the impacts of crude oil and dispersants on seagrass communities. Oil and Dispersant Toxicity Testing: Proceedings of a Workshop on Technical Specifications held in New Orleans, January 17-19, 1989, New Orleans, La: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Regional Office. pp. 103-108.
Dutka, B.J.; Sherry, J.; Scott, B.F.; Kwan, K.K. 1980. Effects of oil-dispersant mixtures on fresh water microbial populations. Canadian Research, 13 (5): 58-62. ISSN: 0319-1974.
Dutka, B.J.; Kwan, K.K. 1984. Study of long term effects of oil and oil-dispersant mixtures on freshwater microbial populations in man made ponds. Science of the Total Environment, 35 (2): 135-148. ISSN: 0048-9697. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(84)90059-7.
Abstract
In this paper, the results of a 19 month investigation of microbial communities subjected to the effects of oil and oil plus dispersant additions in man made ponds are reported. Microbial biomass estimations by ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and microscopic procedures using epifluorescence indicated that oil and oil plus dispersants had little or no effect on these parameters, and any effect noted was stimulatory. However, detailed examination of specific populations indicated that oil and oil plus dispersant additions were stimulatory for short periods of time to the populations studied. Seven days after the oil and dispersant additions to the ponds, no mutagenic or toxic activities to bacteria were noted
Reprinted from Science of the Total Environment, Volume 35, B.J. Dutka, K.K. Kwan, Copyright 1984, with permission from ElsevierIn this paper, the results of a 19 month investigation of microbial communities subjected to the effects of oil and oil plus dispersant additions in man made ponds are reported. Microbial biomass estimations by ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and microscopic procedures using epifluorescence indicated that oil and oil plus dispersants had little or no effect on these parameters, and any effect noted was stimulatory. However, detailed examination of specific populations indicated that oil and oil plus dispersant additions were stimulatory for short periods of time to the populations studied. Seven days after the oil and dispersant additions to the ponds, no mutagenic or toxic activities to bacteria were noted
Dutrieux, E.; Martin, F.; Debry, A. 1990. Growth and mortality of Sonneratia caseolaris planted on an experimentally oil-polluted soil. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 21 (2): 62-68. ISSN: 0025-326X. doi:10.1016/0025-326X(90)90189-F.
Abstract
Two experiments conducted in the mangrove swamp of the Mahakam delta (East Kalimantan, Indonesia) provided two years continuous study of the growth and mortality rates of Sonneratia caseolaris planted upon an oil-polluted substrate. These experiments have shown that the plants were at first submitted to a mortality phase which can be attributed to the intense toxicity of the oil. During the study period, the influence of the pollutant could be seen in the decrease in growth-rate of the surviving plants. These results are in proportion with the quantity of oil spilt, and vary according to the different treatments applied several days after pollution and before planting. Absence of treatment however gives better results on the mortality and growth of Sonneratia caseoralis
Reprinted from Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 21, E. Dutrieux, F. Martin, A. Debry, Copyright 1990, with permission from ElsevierTwo experiments conducted in the mangrove swamp of the Mahakam delta (East Kalimantan, Indonesia) provided two years continuous study of the growth and mortality rates of Sonneratia caseolaris planted upon an oil-polluted substrate. These experiments have shown that the plants were at first submitted to a mortality phase which can be attributed to the intense toxicity of the oil. During the study period, the influence of the pollutant could be seen in the decrease in growth-rate of the surviving plants. These results are in proportion with the quantity of oil spilt, and vary according to the different treatments applied several days after pollution and before planting. Absence of treatment however gives better results on the mortality and growth of Sonneratia caseoralis
Dutrieux, E. 1992. Experimental study of the impact of hydrocarbons on the intertidal benthic community: the Mahakam Delta (East Kalimantan, Indonesia). Oceanologica Acta, 15 (2): 197-209. ISSN: 0399-1784.
Abstract
Two simulated oil-spills in the Mahakam Delta revealed the consequences of this type of pollution on the site's main benthic populations. The results of these trials differentiated between short-term (high toxicity similar to chemical pollution) and long-term effects (similar to organic pollution) of hydrocarbons. Two factors affected the distribution of the main macrofaunal species: intertidal height and degree of pollution. The latter was measured either by the initial quantity of oil spilled or by concentrations measured at each sampling. These trials also showed that dispersants were inefficient and that dredging treatments did not yield positive results. Often no treatment was preferable to these two treatments. A global statistical analysis was generated to define the role of the different environmental variables, both natural or pollution-related, in the spatial distribution of the different species
© CSA, 1992Two simulated oil-spills in the Mahakam Delta revealed the consequences of this type of pollution on the site's main benthic populations. The results of these trials differentiated between short-term (high toxicity similar to chemical pollution) and long-term effects (similar to organic pollution) of hydrocarbons. Two factors affected the distribution of the main macrofaunal species: intertidal height and degree of pollution. The latter was measured either by the initial quantity of oil spilled or by concentrations measured at each sampling. These trials also showed that dispersants were inefficient and that dredging treatments did not yield positive results. Often no treatment was preferable to these two treatments. A global statistical analysis was generated to define the role of the different environmental variables, both natural or pollution-related, in the spatial distribution of the different species
Duval, W.S.; Harwood, L.A.; Fink, R.P. 1980. Sublethal Effects of Physically and Chemically Dispersed Crude Oil on the Physiology and Behavior of the Estuarine Isopod, Gnorimosphaeroma oregonenis, Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. 66p.
Duval, W.S.; Harwood, L.A.; Fink, R.P. 1982. The Sublethal Effects of Dispersed Oil on an Estuarine Isopod, Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada, Environmental Protection Service. 72p. ISBN: 0662120752.
Dye, C.W.; Frydenborg, R.B. 1980. Oil Dispersants and the Environmental Consequences of their Usage: A Literature Review, Tallahassee, Fl: Department of Environmental Regulation. 51p.
Eastcoast Oilspill Dispersant Symposium. 1982. Papers presented at the Eastcoast Oilspill Dispersant Symposium, (no publishing information available). 51 leaves.
Eastin, Jr., W.C.; Rattner, B.A. 1982. Effects of dispersant and crude oil ingestion on mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 29 (3): 273-278. ISSN: 0007-4861. doi:10.1007/BF01706228.
Ebere, A.G.; Akintonwa, A. 1993. The effects of high doses of crude oil and a chemical dispersant on spermatogenesis in mice. Human & Experimental Toxicology, 12 (6): 573. ISSN: 0960-3271.
Edison Water Quality Laboratory. 1971. Oil Dispersants Product Data. Edison, N.J: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison Water Quality Laboratory. 140p.
Edison Water Quality Laboratory. 1969. Chemical Treatment of Oil Slicks: A Status Report on the Use of Chemicals and Other Materials to Treat Oil Spilled on Water. Washington, D.C: U.S. Federal Water Pollution Control Administration. 20p.
Eisler, R. 1975. Acute toxicities of crude oils and oil dispersant mixtures to Red Sea fishes and invertebrates. Israel Journal of Zoology, 24 (1-2): 16-27. ISSN: 0021-2210.
Abstract
Using static bioassay procedures, crude oil plus a chemical oil dispersant were tested for toxicity to adults or juveniles of ten marine species: Heteroxenia fuscescens, Nerita forskali, Drupa granulate, Mytilus variabilis, Acanthopleura haddoni, Echinometra mathaei, Calcinus lateens, Palaemon pacificus, Parupeneus barberinus, and Siganus rivulatus. LC50 (168 h), ranged from 0.006 to 0.064 ml/liter for the dispersant. LC50 (168 h) values for oil/dispersant mixtures of 10:1 for selected species ranged from 0.047 to 0.152 ml/l which appears to reflect the biocidal properties of the dispersant. Some individuals surviving immersion in high concentrations of the test compounds were adversely affected both during and after treatment
Using static bioassay procedures, crude oil plus a chemical oil dispersant were tested for toxicity to adults or juveniles of ten marine species: Heteroxenia fuscescens, Nerita forskali, Drupa granulate, Mytilus variabilis, Acanthopleura haddoni, Echinometra mathaei, Calcinus lateens, Palaemon pacificus, Parupeneus barberinus, and Siganus rivulatus. LC50 (168 h), ranged from 0.006 to 0.064 ml/liter for the dispersant. LC50 (168 h) values for oil/dispersant mixtures of 10:1 for selected species ranged from 0.047 to 0.152 ml/l which appears to reflect the biocidal properties of the dispersant. Some individuals surviving immersion in high concentrations of the test compounds were adversely affected both during and after treatment
Eisler, R. 1973. Latent effects of Iranian crude oil and a chemical oil dispersant on Red Sea molluscs. Israel Journal of Zoology, 22 97-105. ISSN: 0021-2210.
Abstract
Predation rate of the gastropod drill, Drupa granulate, on the mussel, Mytilus variabilis, was measured over a period of 28 days after adults from both ssp had been immersed for 168 hrs in seawater solutions containing high sublethal concentrations (10 ml/l) of Iranian crude oil. Predation rate was 3 times higher in controls than in the group where both predator and prey had been exposed initially; intermediate values were determined among groups where only 1 sp had been treated initially. Fecundity of drills, as evidenced by number of egg cases deposited, was directly related to mussel consumption. In a similar study with a chemical oil dispersant, exposure to high (0.003 ml/l) sublethal levels for 168 hrs did not affect markedly the rate at which mussels were destroyed an consumed during post-treatment. However, the fecundity of untreated drills feeding on untreated mussels (controls) was 3 to 10 times greater than among groups in which one or both ssp had been exposed initially to dispersant. Except for mussels consumed by drills, there were no deaths during the post-treatment period in either study, and all organisms appeared normal
© CSA, 1975Predation rate of the gastropod drill, Drupa granulate, on the mussel, Mytilus variabilis, was measured over a period of 28 days after adults from both ssp had been immersed for 168 hrs in seawater solutions containing high sublethal concentrations (10 ml/l) of Iranian crude oil. Predation rate was 3 times higher in controls than in the group where both predator and prey had been exposed initially; intermediate values were determined among groups where only 1 sp had been treated initially. Fecundity of drills, as evidenced by number of egg cases deposited, was directly related to mussel consumption. In a similar study with a chemical oil dispersant, exposure to high (0.003 ml/l) sublethal levels for 168 hrs did not affect markedly the rate at which mussels were destroyed an consumed during post-treatment. However, the fecundity of untreated drills feeding on untreated mussels (controls) was 3 to 10 times greater than among groups in which one or both ssp had been exposed initially to dispersant. Except for mussels consumed by drills, there were no deaths during the post-treatment period in either study, and all organisms appeared normal
Eisler, R. 1975. Toxic, sublethal, and latent effects of petroleum on Red Sea macrofauna, California. In 1975 Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil Pollution: Proceedings, March 25-27, 1975, San Francisco, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 535-540.
Abstract
This report studies the effects of crudes and a chemical oil counteractant on survival, metabolism, and behavior of representative species of Red Sea macrofauna under controlled environmental conditions. Specifically, it examines the action of crude oil from fields in Iran and in the Sinai, a chemical oil dispersals, and oil-dispersant mixtures on Red Sea juveniles or adults of octocorals, crutaceans, molluscs, echinoderms, and teleosts. The choice of bioassay methodology on response parameters, especially survival, was significant. A comparison of toxicity values derived from tests in large (1,500 l), deep (2.0m) tanks under conditions of continuous flow with those performed in small (3 l)jars under static conditions demonstrated that most assay spedies were up to 30 times more resistant to almost all toxicants in large tanks. Tank tests also demonstrated a protective effect with increasing depth: organisms confined to 1.0 to 1.8 m from the surface exhibited higher survival than those held at shallower depths. Sublethal and latent effects of oils and dispersants on Red Sea biota were reviewed and included reduction in feeding rate and egg case deposition of predatory gastropods, interference with substrate attachment by mussels, liver enlargement and lowered blood hematocrit values in fishes, and bioaccumulation of crude oils in octocorals. These and other data presented herein suggest that introduction of petroleum into Red Sea ecosystems may disrupt established feeding-predator patterns, reproductive processes, defense mechanisms, and conceivably other systems, and it would constitute a potential threat to population stability
© 1975 with permission from APIThis report studies the effects of crudes and a chemical oil counteractant on survival, metabolism, and behavior of representative species of Red Sea macrofauna under controlled environmental conditions. Specifically, it examines the action of crude oil from fields in Iran and in the Sinai, a chemical oil dispersals, and oil-dispersant mixtures on Red Sea juveniles or adults of octocorals, crutaceans, molluscs, echinoderms, and teleosts. The choice of bioassay methodology on response parameters, especially survival, was significant. A comparison of toxicity values derived from tests in large (1,500 l), deep (2.0m) tanks under conditions of continuous flow with those performed in small (3 l)jars under static conditions demonstrated that most assay spedies were up to 30 times more resistant to almost all toxicants in large tanks. Tank tests also demonstrated a protective effect with increasing depth: organisms confined to 1.0 to 1.8 m from the surface exhibited higher survival than those held at shallower depths. Sublethal and latent effects of oils and dispersants on Red Sea biota were reviewed and included reduction in feeding rate and egg case deposition of predatory gastropods, interference with substrate attachment by mussels, liver enlargement and lowered blood hematocrit values in fishes, and bioaccumulation of crude oils in octocorals. These and other data presented herein suggest that introduction of petroleum into Red Sea ecosystems may disrupt established feeding-predator patterns, reproductive processes, defense mechanisms, and conceivably other systems, and it would constitute a potential threat to population stability
Eisler, R.; Kissil, W.G. 1975. Toxicities of crude oils and oil dispersant mixtures to juvenile rabbitfish, Siganus rivulatus. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 104 (3): 571-578. ISSN: 1548-8659. doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1975)104<571:TOCOAO>2.0.CO;2.
Abstract
LC50 values were determined for two crude oils, ST 5, a chemical oil dispersant, and oil/ST 5 mixtures in 10:1 vol/vol ratios. Static tests at 41‰ salinity and 23°C produced LC50 (168 h) values of 0.010 ml/l for ST 5, with LC50 values for oil ST 5 mixtures reflecting toxic properties of ST 5 alone. ST 5 exhibited a striking reduction in lethality after 2 hr in the assay medium. Elevated sublethal levels of ST 5 caused reductions in blood hematocrit. Rabbitfish were more resistant to pollutants in continuous flow bioassays in large tanks than static jar bioassays. Tank tests also resulted in higher mortality in stressed fish confined nearer the surface (to 1 meter) than those kept at lower depths (1 to 1.8 meters)
LC50 values were determined for two crude oils, ST 5, a chemical oil dispersant, and oil/ST 5 mixtures in 10:1 vol/vol ratios. Static tests at 41‰ salinity and 23°C produced LC50 (168 h) values of 0.010 ml/l for ST 5, with LC50 values for oil ST 5 mixtures reflecting toxic properties of ST 5 alone. ST 5 exhibited a striking reduction in lethality after 2 hr in the assay medium. Elevated sublethal levels of ST 5 caused reductions in blood hematocrit. Rabbitfish were more resistant to pollutants in continuous flow bioassays in large tanks than static jar bioassays. Tank tests also resulted in higher mortality in stressed fish confined nearer the surface (to 1 meter) than those kept at lower depths (1 to 1.8 meters)
Eisler, R.; Kissil, G.W.; Cohen, Y. 1974. Recent studies on biological effects of crude oils and oil-dispersant mixtures to Red Sea macrofauna. In Proceedings of Seminar on Methodology for Monitoring the Marine Environment: Seattle, Washington, October 1973, Washington, D.C: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. pp. 156-179.
Abstract
Acute toxicity to representative species of marine macrofauna of 2 common grades of crude oils, a chemical oil dispersant, and mixtures of oil and dispersant is summarized. Test animals were adults from locally abundant groups of coelenterates, molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, and juvenile teleosts. Both grades of crude oil were relatively innocuous when compared to the dispersant. Toxicity of oil dispersant mixtures reflected the biocidal properties of the dispersant alone. Fishes and crustaceans were among the most sensitive groups tested. Effect of time in the aerated assay medium on toxicity in high concentrations of Iranian crude oil, Sinai crude oil, and dispersant was also investigated, using the juvenile rabbitfish (Lagocephalus laevigatus). The surfactant fraction of the dispersant contained virtually all of the toxic properties. Continuous flow tank tests elucidated a depth protective effect. Sublethal and latent effects on the various fauna are also outlined
© CSA, 1975Acute toxicity to representative species of marine macrofauna of 2 common grades of crude oils, a chemical oil dispersant, and mixtures of oil and dispersant is summarized. Test animals were adults from locally abundant groups of coelenterates, molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, and juvenile teleosts. Both grades of crude oil were relatively innocuous when compared to the dispersant. Toxicity of oil dispersant mixtures reflected the biocidal properties of the dispersant alone. Fishes and crustaceans were among the most sensitive groups tested. Effect of time in the aerated assay medium on toxicity in high concentrations of Iranian crude oil, Sinai crude oil, and dispersant was also investigated, using the juvenile rabbitfish (Lagocephalus laevigatus). The surfactant fraction of the dispersant contained virtually all of the toxic properties. Continuous flow tank tests elucidated a depth protective effect. Sublethal and latent effects on the various fauna are also outlined
El Samra, M.I.; Ibrahim, M.A.; Ahmed, I.F.; Awartani, S.M. 1986. Acute toxicity of some oil dispersants to mullet fry Liza microlepis of the Arabian Gulf. Qatar University Science Bulletin, 6 363-370. ISSN: 0255-6677.
Eley, D.D.; Hey, M.J.; Lee, M.A. 1987. Rheological studies of asphaltene films adsorbed at the oil/water interface. Colloids and Surfaces, 24 (2-3): 173-182. ISSN: 0166-6622. doi:10.1016/0166-6622(87)80348-7.
Abstract
The compressibilities of crude oil/water interfaces have been measured for Brega, Kuwait and Tia Juana crude oils by an adaptation of the pendant drop method. Addition to the oils of a commercial dispersant (BP1100X) which contains an oil-soluble non-ionic surfactant resulted in increased compressibilities, the rate of increase with amount of BP1100X added being inversely related to the asphaltene content of the oils. The viscoelastic properties of the interfaces were studied with a surface rheometer working at low shearing stresses. Creep curves showed rapid elastic deformation and slow irrecoverable flow. The flow curves, which were irregular, indicated very high surface viscosities which appeared to increase with applied shear stress. It is suggested that thick films of asphaltene particles were responsible. The addition of 4% v/v BP1100X to the oils produced no effect for Kuwait and Tia Juana crudes, but Brega oil interfaces showed an increased elasticity. Interfaces formed between a dispersion of asphaltenes in n-heptane/toluene and water exhibited both rapid and retarded elasticities as well as Newtonian flow
Reprinted from Colloids and Surfaces, Volume 24, D.D. Eley, M.J. Hey, M.A. Lee, Copyright 1987, with permission from ElsevierThe compressibilities of crude oil/water interfaces have been measured for Brega, Kuwait and Tia Juana crude oils by an adaptation of the pendant drop method. Addition to the oils of a commercial dispersant (BP1100X) which contains an oil-soluble non-ionic surfactant resulted in increased compressibilities, the rate of increase with amount of BP1100X added being inversely related to the asphaltene content of the oils. The viscoelastic properties of the interfaces were studied with a surface rheometer working at low shearing stresses. Creep curves showed rapid elastic deformation and slow irrecoverable flow. The flow curves, which were irregular, indicated very high surface viscosities which appeared to increase with applied shear stress. It is suggested that thick films of asphaltene particles were responsible. The addition of 4% v/v BP1100X to the oils produced no effect for Kuwait and Tia Juana crudes, but Brega oil interfaces showed an increased elasticity. Interfaces formed between a dispersion of asphaltenes in n-heptane/toluene and water exhibited both rapid and retarded elasticities as well as Newtonian flow
Elgershuizen, J.H.B.W.; De Kruijf, H.A.M. 1976. Toxicity of crude oils and dispersant to the stony coral Madracis mirabilis. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 7 (2): 22-25. ISSN: 0025-326X. doi:10.1016/0025-326X(76)90305-2.
Abstract
In view of the increasing risk of oil pollution in tropical waters, experiments were carried out to assess the effect of various crude oils, an oil dispersant, and mixtures of these, on a coral dominant in the Curacao reefs; results are summarized in tables and graphs. The studies showed that the dispersant was more toxic than the oils, and it is recommended that such dispersants should be used only in the open sea; oil above coral reefs should be removed by mechanical methods, if possible with a minimum of mixing
© CSA, 1976In view of the increasing risk of oil pollution in tropical waters, experiments were carried out to assess the effect of various crude oils, an oil dispersant, and mixtures of these, on a coral dominant in the Curacao reefs; results are summarized in tables and graphs. The studies showed that the dispersant was more toxic than the oils, and it is recommended that such dispersants should be used only in the open sea; oil above coral reefs should be removed by mechanical methods, if possible with a minimum of mixing
Elliot, D.; Stuart, W. 2000. The Port Stanvac incident: fixed wing aerial dispersant perspective. In Spillcon 2000: 8th International Oil Spill Conference, Darwin, Australia, 15-17 August 2000, (no publishing information available). 11p.. URL
Emery, B.D.; Cuddeback, J. 1983. Development of advanced oil spill dispersant application system for Fokker F27 aircraft. In Proceedings: 1983 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), February 28 - March 3, 1983, San Antonio, Texas, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 583.
Engel, R.H.; Neat, M.J. 1971. Toxicity of oil-dispersing agents determined in a circulating aquarium system. In Proceedings of Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil Spills: June 15-17, 1971, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 297-302.
Abstract
The toxicity of two non-ionic oil-dispersing agents was determined on a number of marine species: the edible mussel Mytilis edulis, winter flounder, soft shell clam, mummichog, Atlantic silversides and fourth stage lobster larvae. The bioassay system used consisted of a series of storage reservoirs and exposure tanks with a total volume of 112 liters. Water movement was provided by a series of marine aquarium pumps which circulated water at a rate of 4 liters/min. Additional aeration was not required for the mummichog, mussel or fourth stage lobster larvae. At 20°C, TL50’s calculated from 24 to 96 hours fell between 30 and 75 mg/l, with no significant difference in toxicity between the two dispersants. At 5°C, toxicity in the mummichog was significantly lower; this may be explained by the accompanying higher oxygen levels. The advantages of the circulating aquarium system in relation to the static and continuous-flow bioassay systems are discussed
© 1971 with permission from APIThe toxicity of two non-ionic oil-dispersing agents was determined on a number of marine species: the edible mussel Mytilis edulis, winter flounder, soft shell clam, mummichog, Atlantic silversides and fourth stage lobster larvae. The bioassay system used consisted of a series of storage reservoirs and exposure tanks with a total volume of 112 liters. Water movement was provided by a series of marine aquarium pumps which circulated water at a rate of 4 liters/min. Additional aeration was not required for the mummichog, mussel or fourth stage lobster larvae. At 20°C, TL50’s calculated from 24 to 96 hours fell between 30 and 75 mg/l, with no significant difference in toxicity between the two dispersants. At 5°C, toxicity in the mummichog was significantly lower; this may be explained by the accompanying higher oxygen levels. The advantages of the circulating aquarium system in relation to the static and continuous-flow bioassay systems are discussed
Engelhardt, F.R.; Gilfillan, E.S.; Boehm, P.D.; Mageau C. 1985. Metabolic effects and hydrocarbon fate in arctic bivalves exposed to dispersed petroleum. Marine Environmental Research, 17 (2-4): 245-249. ISSN: 0141-1136. doi:10.1016/0141-1136(85)90097-2.
Abstract
A number of experiments were carried out in the Canadian Arctic on Baffin Island with the purpose of defining the short- and long-term effects of exposure to dispersed crude oil on marine benthic invertebrates. The study reported here assessed metabolic responses by physiological and biochemical indices, and evaluated these in relation to exposure concentration. The overall objective of the study was to evaluate the potential for long-term survival of benthic communities in the Arctic following an oil spill. This objective was consistent with the goals of the larger Baffin Island Oil Spill (BIOS) program, which was implemented to evaluate the relative mitigating effectiveness of chemical dispersants, as compared to conventional oil spill counter-measures
Reprinted from Marine Environmental Research, Volume 17, F.R. Engelhardt, E.S. Gilfillan, P.D. Boehm, C. Mageau, Copyright 1985, with permission from ElsevierA number of experiments were carried out in the Canadian Arctic on Baffin Island with the purpose of defining the short- and long-term effects of exposure to dispersed crude oil on marine benthic invertebrates. The study reported here assessed metabolic responses by physiological and biochemical indices, and evaluated these in relation to exposure concentration. The overall objective of the study was to evaluate the potential for long-term survival of benthic communities in the Arctic following an oil spill. This objective was consistent with the goals of the larger Baffin Island Oil Spill (BIOS) program, which was implemented to evaluate the relative mitigating effectiveness of chemical dispersants, as compared to conventional oil spill counter-measures
Engelhardt, F.R.; Mageau, C.; Gilfillan, E.S.; Boehm, P.D. 1984. Effects of acute and long-term exposure to dispersed oil in benthic invertebrates. In Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Arctic Marine Oilspill Program Technical Seminar: June 12-14, 1984, Edmonton, Alberta, Ottawa, Ont: Environmental Protection Service, Environmental Emergency. pp. 367-392.
Engelhardt, R.; Mageau, C.; Trucco, R. 1983. Behavioural responses of benthic invertebrates exposed to dispersed crude oil. In Proceedings of the Arctic Marine Oilspill Program Technical Seminar; June 14-16, 1983, Edmonton, Alberta, Ottawa, Ont: Technical Services Branch, Environmental Protection Service. pp. 32-51.
Epstein, N.; Bak, R.P.M.; Rinkevich, B. 2000. Toxicity of third generation dispersants and dispersed Egyptian crude oil on Red Sea coral larvae. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 40 (6): 497-503. ISSN: 0025-326X. doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(99)00232-5.
Abstract
Harmful effects of five third-generation oil dispersants (Inipol IP-90, Petrotech PTI-25, Bioreico R-93, Biosolve and Emulgal C-100) on planula larvae of the Red Sea stony coral Stylophora pistillata and the soft coral Heteroxenia fuscescense were evaluated in short-term (2-96 h) bioassays. Larvae were exposed to Egyptian oil water soluble fractions (WSFs), dispersed oil water accommodated fractions (WAFs) and dispersants dissolved in seawater, in different concentrations. Mortality, settlement rates and the appearance of morphological and behavioural deformations were measured. While oil WSF treatments resulted in reductions in planulae settlement only, treatments by all dispersants tested revealed a further decrease in settlement rates and additional high toxicity. Dispersed oil exposures resulted in a dramatic increase in toxicity to both coral larvae species. Furthermore, dispersants and WAFs treatments caused larval morphology deformations, loss of normal swimming behaviour and rapid tissue degeneration. Out of the five tested dispersion agents, the chemical Petrotech PTI-25 displayed the least toxicity to coral larvae. We suggest avoidance of the use of chemical dispersion in cases of oil spills near or within coral reef habitats
Reprinted from Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 40, N. Epstein, R.P.M. Bak, B. Rinkevich, Copyright 2000, with permission from ElsevierHarmful effects of five third-generation oil dispersants (Inipol IP-90, Petrotech PTI-25, Bioreico R-93, Biosolve and Emulgal C-100) on planula larvae of the Red Sea stony coral Stylophora pistillata and the soft coral Heteroxenia fuscescense were evaluated in short-term (2-96 h) bioassays. Larvae were exposed to Egyptian oil water soluble fractions (WSFs), dispersed oil water accommodated fractions (WAFs) and dispersants dissolved in seawater, in different concentrations. Mortality, settlement rates and the appearance of morphological and behavioural deformations were measured. While oil WSF treatments resulted in reductions in planulae settlement only, treatments by all dispersants tested revealed a further decrease in settlement rates and additional high toxicity. Dispersed oil exposures resulted in a dramatic increase in toxicity to both coral larvae species. Furthermore, dispersants and WAFs treatments caused larval morphology deformations, loss of normal swimming behaviour and rapid tissue degeneration. Out of the five tested dispersion agents, the chemical Petrotech PTI-25 displayed the least toxicity to coral larvae. We suggest avoidance of the use of chemical dispersion in cases of oil spills near or within coral reef habitats
Eriksson, F.; Hirvi, J.H. 1989. Oil Spill Dispersants in Brackish Water, Åbo, Finland: Åbo Akademi University, Department of Physical Chemistry. (no page information available).
Eriksson, F. 1993. A comparative study of oil spill dispersants in brackish water. In Combatting Marine Oil Spills in Ice and Cold Conditions: Seminar, Helsinki, Finland 1-3 December 1993: Proceedings, Helsinki: National Board of Waters and the Environment. (no page information available).
Estrades, M.; Bergueiro-López, J.R. 1980. Dispersing agents for elimination of crude petroleum. Progress in Water Technology, 12 (1): 35-48. ISSN: 0306-6746.
Abstract
The object of this work was to determine the minimum quantity of dispersant that may be used to obtain optimum dispersion as a function of a series of variables with respect to time of mixing, velocity of mixing, type of mixer, temperature etc. In agreement with data given in the paper it is concluded that the dispersion of crude petroleum is more influenced by the velocity of mixing them by the ratio of dispersant to crude oil. The optimum dispersion occurs at a mixing speed of 4000 rpm, small variations occurring at 4500 rpm. Dispersal ability increases by means which increase the relationship of dispersal to crude oil, reaching a maximum at 0.3 g dispersant to 5 g crude oil. An increase in the relationship dispersal/crude oil greater than on the previous paragraph does not imply an increase in the capacity to disperse, in some cases leading to a small reduction in dispersal capacity. Of all the errors detected, the greatest are those due to errors in calibration. No errors have been found due to ageing of samples and undergoing decomposition. The average error is not constant at all ranges of concentration. Based on regression analyses of the data and on a 90% confidence limit, the results indicate a deviation of 3% from the mean with a 15% dispersion
The object of this work was to determine the minimum quantity of dispersant that may be used to obtain optimum dispersion as a function of a series of variables with respect to time of mixing, velocity of mixing, type of mixer, temperature etc. In agreement with data given in the paper it is concluded that the dispersion of crude petroleum is more influenced by the velocity of mixing them by the ratio of dispersant to crude oil. The optimum dispersion occurs at a mixing speed of 4000 rpm, small variations occurring at 4500 rpm. Dispersal ability increases by means which increase the relationship of dispersal to crude oil, reaching a maximum at 0.3 g dispersant to 5 g crude oil. An increase in the relationship dispersal/crude oil greater than on the previous paragraph does not imply an increase in the capacity to disperse, in some cases leading to a small reduction in dispersal capacity. Of all the errors detected, the greatest are those due to errors in calibration. No errors have been found due to ageing of samples and undergoing decomposition. The average error is not constant at all ranges of concentration. Based on regression analyses of the data and on a 90% confidence limit, the results indicate a deviation of 3% from the mean with a 15% dispersion
Etkin, D.S. 1998. Factors in the dispersant use decision-making process: Historical overview and look to the future. In Proceedings: Twenty-First Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program Technical Seminar, June 10 to 12, 1998, West Edmonton Mall Hotel, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. pp. 281-304. URL
Abstract
In this review, the author looks at the history of dispersant use and case studies of specific spills to underscore the political, financial and technical issues influencing the decision-making process in past, and most likely, future responses to oil spills
In this review, the author looks at the history of dispersant use and case studies of specific spills to underscore the political, financial and technical issues influencing the decision-making process in past, and most likely, future responses to oil spills
Etkin, D.S. 1999. Oil Spill Dispersants: From Technology to Policy. Arlington, Ma: Cutter Information. 306p.
Abstract
This review brings together international research on chemical and physical processes involved in dispersant use, effectiveness and environmental impacts of dispersant use. It also presents an analysis of the financial costs of dispersant use. The report investigates the history of dispersant use through data and reviews case histories to highlight the political, technical, and financial issues that influence the decision- and policy-making processes. Included are reviews of current national dispersant use policies and the decision methodologies used in various nations
This review brings together international research on chemical and physical processes involved in dispersant use, effectiveness and environmental impacts of dispersant use. It also presents an analysis of the financial costs of dispersant use. The report investigates the history of dispersant use through data and reviews case histories to highlight the political, technical, and financial issues that influence the decision- and policy-making processes. Included are reviews of current national dispersant use policies and the decision methodologies used in various nations
European Maritime Safety Agency. 2005. Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in European Waters, Brussels: European Maritime Safety Agency. (no page information available). URL
European Maritime Safety Agency. 2008. Report of the 2nd EMSA Dispersants Workshop: Towards a Harmonised Approach in Dispersant Usage in the EU, Lisbon: European Maritime Safety Agency. 8p.. URL
European Maritime Safety Agency. 2005. Action Plan for Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response, Brussels: European Maritime Safety Agency. 65p.. URL
European Maritime Safety Agency. 2007. Inventory of National Policies Regarding the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in the EU Members States, Lisbon: European Maritime Safety Agency. 58p. URL
Evans, G.W.; Lyes, M.; Lockwood, A.P.M. 1977. Some effects of oil spill dispersants on the feeding behaviour of the brown shrimp, Crangon crangon. Marine Behaviour and Physiology, 4 (3): 171-181. ISSN: 0091-181X.
Abstract
1 ppm - 100 ppm concentrations of dispersants Tween 80, BP 1100X and Slickgone LT2 in seawater decrease food consumption of Crangon crangon, as well as the ability of the organism to select the correct path in a Y-maze which contains a food extract. The shrimp recuperated, and were able to locate food within four hours after a return to clean seawater after prior exposure to 10 ppm Tween 80, BP 1100X or Slickgone LT2
1 ppm - 100 ppm concentrations of dispersants Tween 80, BP 1100X and Slickgone LT2 in seawater decrease food consumption of Crangon crangon, as well as the ability of the organism to select the correct path in a Y-maze which contains a food extract. The shrimp recuperated, and were able to locate food within four hours after a return to clean seawater after prior exposure to 10 ppm Tween 80, BP 1100X or Slickgone LT2
Evers, K.U.; Sørheim, K.R.; Singsaas, I. 2006. Oil Spill Contingency Planning in the Arctic - Recommendations, Helsinki: ARCOP. 47p. URL
Evers, K.U.; Singsaas, I.; Sørheim, K.R. 2005. Development of New Oil Spill Response Concepts, Helsinki: ARCOP. 38p.. URL
Exxon Chemical Company. 1985. Oil Spill Chemicals Applications Guide, Houston, Tx: Exxon Chemical Americas. 13p.
Exxon Mobil Corporation. 2000. ExxonMobil Dispersant Guidelines, Alexandria, Va: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co. 140p..
Exxon Production Research Company. 1978. Research Needed to Determine Effectiveness of Chemicals in Treating Oil Spills and the Toxicity of Chemically Dispersed Oil, Workshop Proceedings: Deliberations and Recommendations of a Workshop Sponsored by Exxon Production Research Company, Houston, Texas, November 28-30, 1978. Houston, Tx: Exxon Production Research Company. 51p.
ExxonMobil. 2003. Effects of Time and Freezing on Dispersant Effectiveness, ExxonMobil unpublished data. (no page information available).
Fabregas, J.; Herrero, C.; Veiga, M. 1984. Effect of oil and dispersant on growth and chlorophyll a content of the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 47 (2): 445-447. ISSN: 0099-2240.
Abstract
The dispersant SEAKLIN-101-NT, used in the Urquiola spill, was tested alone and in 1:1 mixtures with weathered crude oil taken from the same spill. Concentrations of both dispersant and oil/dispersant mixture ranged from 1 to 400 ppm, and 800 ppm of dispersant alone in seawater. Results indicate that doses did not induce toxicity in T. suecica at any concentration, although inhibitory effects on growth of the microalga were found at higher concentrations for both dispersant and oil/dispersant mixtures. Chlorophyll a content was not significantly affected by any exposure
The dispersant SEAKLIN-101-NT, used in the Urquiola spill, was tested alone and in 1:1 mixtures with weathered crude oil taken from the same spill. Concentrations of both dispersant and oil/dispersant mixture ranged from 1 to 400 ppm, and 800 ppm of dispersant alone in seawater. Results indicate that doses did not induce toxicity in T. suecica at any concentration, although inhibitory effects on growth of the microalga were found at higher concentrations for both dispersant and oil/dispersant mixtures. Chlorophyll a content was not significantly affected by any exposure
Falk, M.; Seta, P.F. 1970. Evaluation of Detergents for Dealing With Bunker C Oil and Goop. Halifax, N.S: National Research Council of Canada, Atlantic Regional Laboratory. 2p.
Falk-Petersen, I.B.; Lönning, S.; Jakobson, R. 1979. Effects of oil and oil dispersants on plankton organisms. Astarte, 12 (2): 45-47. ISSN: 0044-9768.
Abstract
Dispersants (Corexit 8354, 9527, 9600, BP 1100 X, 1100 WD, Finasol OSR2, OSR5, OSR7) and Shell dispersant concentrate with and without the presence of Ekofisk crude were tested on eggs and larvae of sea urchins, marine fish, and copepods. Corexit 9527, Finasol OSR5 and OSR7 without the presence of crude oil had the most toxic effect on test species. Oil/dispersant combinations had greater impact on species than oil or dispersant alone
Dispersants (Corexit 8354, 9527, 9600, BP 1100 X, 1100 WD, Finasol OSR2, OSR5, OSR7) and Shell dispersant concentrate with and without the presence of Ekofisk crude were tested on eggs and larvae of sea urchins, marine fish, and copepods. Corexit 9527, Finasol OSR5 and OSR7 without the presence of crude oil had the most toxic effect on test species. Oil/dispersant combinations had greater impact on species than oil or dispersant alone
This database consists of citations found in journals, conference proceedings, government reports and gray literature covering over 40 years of published research on oil spill dispersants. Citations were collected from 1960 through June 2008. This bibliography was compiled and edited by John Conover, Associate Librarian at LUMCON, and funded by a grant from the Louisiana Applied and Educational Oil Spill Research and Development Program (OSRADP).
EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Quarterly Issues
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Compilations
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- Biology
- Ecological, anatomical, and physiological effects of oil and/or gas, Species as biomarkers, PAH uptake and bioaccumulation, etc.
- Chemistry/Geochemistry/Geology
- Biochemistry, Biodegradation, Bioremediation, Hydrocarbon degradation, Environmental sampling, Soil contamination, etc.
- Engineering/Physics
- Technological advancements in facility/equipment design and use, Spill response and recovery equipment, Physical properties of oil and gas, etc.
- Environment/Ecosystem Management/Spills
- Environmental assessment and management, Oil and/or gas spill description and analysis, etc.
- Socioeconomic/Regulation/General
- Social and economic ramifications, Politics, Governmental policy and legislation, Organizational policy, General interest, etc.
Giessing, Anders M. B.; Mayer, Lawrence M.; Forbes, Thomas L. 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide as the major aqueous pyrene metabolite in tissue and gut fluid from the marine deposit-feeding polychaete Nereis diversicolor. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2003;
Volume 22 (5): 1107-1114. ISSN: 0730-7268.
Phase I and phase II metabolites were identified in a species of polychaete after exposing the organism to pyrene. It is believed that 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide, the only phase I metabolite of pyrene in this species, is a useful biomarker for PAH exposure.
Lichtfouse, E.; Eglinton, T.I. 13C and 14C evidence of pollution of a soil by fossil fuel and reconstruction of the composition of the pollutant. Organic Geochemistry, October 1995;
Volume 23 (10): 969-973. ISSN: 0146-6380.
Researchers use 13C/12C ratios, the 14C age and relative concentrations to assess the origins of n-alkanes in a polluted soil
Johannesen, J. et al. 3D oil migration modelling of the Jurassic petroleum system of the Stratfjord area, Norwegian North Sea. Petroleum Geoscience, 2002;
Volume 8 (1): 37-50. ISSN: 1354-0793.
This modelling study enabled researchers to determine the vertical and lateral migration of hydrocarbons over time, and to conclude that present-day resources are the result of a multi-layered, multi-directional migrating system originating from three separate fields.
Kong, Vincent W. T.; Smethurst, J.; Chiem, B. H.; Stewart, R. C.; Teh, G. H. 3D marine exploration seismic survey in shallow water area, offshore Sabah. Warta Geologi [Newsletter of the Geological Society of Malaysia], 1989;
Volume 15
Rowson, Chris. 4C seismic technology makes mark in Caspian Sea. Offshore, 2003;
Volume 63 (5): 50. ISSN: 0030-0608.
Continued investments in oil exploration in the Caspian Sea and the surrounding region has resulted in the use of modern exploration methods. Geophysical surveys that consist of (4C) 3D seismic surveys are being used to improve imaging of the subsurface.
Schmidt, Victor A. 2-D seismic vessels for 3-D missions: old 2-D vessels can be used in new, more productive ways, serving vessel owners, oil companies. Sea Technology, September 1994;
Volume 35 (9): 15-22. ISSN: 0093-3651.
Schmidt reports on the status of the geophysical exploration industry and examines the 2-D versus 3-D vessel problem
1993 final work plan: Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration, Anchorage, AK. The Trustees: [1993];
A plan of action is outlined regarding remediation of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill
LaBelle, R. P.; Galt, J. A.; Tennyson, E. J.; McGrattan, K. B. 1993 Spill off Tampa Bay, a candidate for burning?. Proceedings: Seventeenth Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program Technical Seminar, Ottawa. Environment Canada: 1994;
Volume 1 635-649.
Authors describe the general behavior and movements of the spilled oil and the sea and weather conditions during and following the August 10, 1993 collision of the Tank Barge Ocean 255 and the Tank Barge Bouchard B-155 with the freighter Balsa 37 in Tampa Bay, Florida. In addition, discussed is the possibility of removing the oil by in-situ burning, and the results of smoke plume model runs
3D seismic yields more oil for Oryx off Texas. Oil and Gas Journal, 8-Nov-93;
Volume 91 33. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Reported is confirmation of a 25-30 million bbl oil discovery in the Gulf of Mexico by Oryx Energy, Dallas, employing a 3D seismic survey
1991 Oil Spill Conference Proceedings, March 1991, American Petroleum Institute: 1991;
Volume American Petroleum Institute Publications (4529):
1991 oil spill conference papers sought. Ocean Science News, April 10, 1990;
Volume 32 (10): 5.
1971 oil pollution compensation fund wound up. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2000;
Volume 40 (12): 1068. ISSN: 0025-326X.
A protocol was recently signed for the ending of the IOPC Fund, which is replaced by a Fund agreed on in 1992. The latter Fund allows for higher compensation for parties affected by oil pollution.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game. 1991 state/federal natural resource damage assessment and restoration plan for the Exxon Valdez oil spill, Juneau, AK. Trustee Council: 1991;
Anon. 700,000 gallons of oil spilled in Texas. Environmental Protection News, September 8, 1990;
Volume 5 (17): 4.
Cedar-Southworth, Donna. 1995 promises good opportunities for offshore operators. MMS Today, Feb-95;
Volume 5 (1): 7-Jun.
Hank Bartholomew, Deputy Associate Director for Offshore Operations, discusses some of the high priorities for 1995, including interaction with states on oill spill response, OHMSETT plans, and training and safety programs
Hull, Jennifer Pallanich. 40 rigs at work in water depths over 1,000 feet. Offshore, 2001;
Volume 61 (2): 16. ISSN: 0030-0608.
The Minerals Management Service sees the amount of deepwater drilling activity as a good indication for potential economic growth in the Gulf of Mexico region.
Knott, D. 10 years on from Exxon Valdez spill. Oil & Gas Journal, March 22, 1999;
Volume 97 (12): 45. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Greenpeace campaigner, Matthew Spencer, told Oil & Gas Journal that 10 years after the Exxon Valdez spill the important issue was whether or not the politicians were doing a better job of regulating the oil industry. Archie Smith, Chief Executive of Oil Spill Response Ltd. of the U.K., said 'the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 which arose because of the Exxon Valdez spill, increased the industry's understanding of the risks and preparedness for dealing with spills'
Neil, Chris. 2003 shows spot cargoes, tankers to dictate US LNG supplies, not terminal
capacities. Oil & Gas Journal, 2004;
Volume 102 (12): 70-72. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Data presented in this article shows an increase in LNG spot cargo imports to the US for 2002 and 2003. Analysts predict that this trend will not continue for 2004 and 2005 based on the costs of regasification versus market prices for gas.
U.S. Geological Survey, National Oil and Gas Resource Assessment Team. 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources: overview of the 1995 National Assessment of Potential Additions to Technically Recoverable Resources of Oil and Gas--Onshore and State Waters of the United States. Denver, CO. USGS Information Services: 1995;
Volume Circular 1118 20 p..
This circular is the fourth in a series of systematic assessments of undiscovered oil and gas in the United States
This bibliography is a quarterly compilation of current publications (citations with abstracts) from a wide variety of electronic and print information sources relating to offshore oil and gas development. It is compiled and edited by John Conover, Associate Librarian at LUMCON. Items listed may or may not be available at the LUMCON Library. Items without annotations were unavailable for perusal prior to publication.
All questions about using library facilities, locating library resources, or searching LUMCON catalogs should be directed to the Librarian.