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ABOUT THE LIBRARY
The LUMCON Library collection was originally housed in Ellender Memorial Library, located at Nicholls State University in Thibodaux, Louisiana. After completion of the DeFelice Marine Center in 1986, the collection was moved to its present location. Since that time, the Library has become an active resource center for LUMCON faculty and staff as well as Consortium member institutions, visiting researchers, students, and the public.
The library contains a computer lab and several study spaces available to visiting students, scientists, or groups (such as attendees of a writing retreat).
The collection and development of library materials reflects LUMCON’s research programs. The collection has approximately:
- 4,600 monographs
- 5,800 bound volumes
- 200 journal titles
- 26 current journal subscriptions
- 850 maps
- 35 atlases
- 3,600 government documents
- 1,500 reprints
In addition, the library houses a complete collection of research products generated by DeFelice Marine Center personnel since LUMCON’s inception.
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- Books can be checked out by filling out a card at the circulation desk. The length of time a book can be checked out varies depending on the patron’s status. Books may be renewed by contacting the department, but all items are subject to recall at any time.
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Food is not allowed in the Library under any circumstance. Drinks are only allowed with prior approval by the librarian or the security guard.
INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
The LUMCON Library is available as an internship site for graduate-level students who have completed at least two semesters toward a Master’s degree in Library and Information Science. Applications will be accepted on a continuing basis and internships may be completed during any semester. Prior library experience or an undergraduate degree in science is desirable, but not necessary. Credits will be awarded based on the number of person-hours completed (40 person-hours per credit hour).
The internship will consist of both field experience, encompassing many operations of a special library, and a special project in technical services. The Librarian will give the intern an overview of reference services, technical services, library administration, and budgeting, and will guide the intern through special projects. The LUMCON Library uses SIRSI/Dynix’s Symphony Integrated Library System as well as OCLC for Cataloging/Interlibrary Loan services.
Contact the Librarian for more information or to apply for an internship.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would like to thank the following individuals for their guidance and input when creating the Dispersants Bibliography:
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- Victoria Broje, Per Daling, Alun Lewis, and Francois-Xavier Merlin offered valuable assistance in the early phases of this project. Per Daling’s support was especially noteworthy, by providing conference proceedings that otherwise could not be obtained.
- Deborah Ansell, ITOPF’s librarian, contributed by sharing her sizeable list of library holdings on dispersant publications with us, and filling in gaps where existing citation information was incomplete.
- Likewise, Julie Anne Richardson, librarian for Environment Canada, compiled a publication listing on dispersants housed in her collection, which provided us with additional citations for our project.
- Qianxin Lin at Louisiana State University provided API conference proceedings for us to use in transcribing abstracts.
- Nancy Kinner at the Coastal Response Research Center provided encouragement, focus, and connected us with some of the aforementioned people.
- Finally, Don Davis and Karen Reeder Emory at OSRADP deserve special mention for all of their help and direction during the span of this project.
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The LUMCON Library is a member of the International Association of Aquatic and Marine Science Libraries and Information Centers (IAMSLIC), the Southeast Affiliate of IAMSLIC Libraries (SAIL), and the Louisiana Library Network and Information Consortium (LOUIS). Additionally, the Library has access to OCLC Cataloging/Interlibrary loan services.
Click here to search LUMCON’s e-Library catalog using the LOUIS portal.
DISPERSANTS BIBLIOGRAPHY
Total Records Found: 1944
Harrison, P.J. et al. 1986. The effects of crude oil and Corexit 9527 on marine phytoplankton in an experimental enclosure. Marine Environmental Research, 18 (2): 93-109. ISSN: 0141-1136. doi:10.1016/0141-1136(86)90002-4.
Abstract
The effects of a dispersant, Corexit 9527, plus Prudhoe Bay crude oil and the effects of the dispersant only on natural assemblages of marine phytoplankton in three large experimental ecosystem enclosures (CEEs) were studied. The oil and dispersant were added to a layer between 2 and 4m depth yielding initial concentrations of 4.5 and 2.0 mg litre-1, respectively. The enclosures remained undisturbed for the 17-day experiment except for sampling at 2- or 3-day intervals. Nutrient concentrations, nitrogen transport rates, chlorophyll a, primary productivity, phytoplankton sinking rates, species composition and cell numbers were followed over the course of the experiment. In the enclosure with oil and dispersant, diatom growth was suppressed and the phytoplankton were dominated by microflagellates such as haptophytes, chrysophytes and a prasinophyte. The diatoms appeared healthy under the microscope and the total number of species was similar to the control, but it was the numerical abundance of each diatom species that was affected by the oil. Pennate diatoms, amoebae, zooflagellates (e.g. bodonids) were more abundant than in the control enclosure. The phytoplankton successions in the enclosure receiving only dispersant and in the control enclosure were very similar, but markedly different from that in the oil-plus-dispersant enclosure. A diatom bloom commenced in both the control and the enclosure receiving only dispersant by day 2 and collapsed by day 11 due to nutrient exhaustion (nitrate and silicate). Nitrate was not exhausted in the enclosure containing oil and dispersant until the end of the experiment (day 17) and consequently primary productivity and nitrogen transport rates increased with time. This observation is in contrast with the control and dispersant only enclosures where primary productivity and nitrogen transport rates declined dramatically in the middle of the experiment due to the exhaustion of nitrate and silicate
Reprinted from Marine Environmental Research, Volume 18, P.J. Harrison, W.P. Cochlan, J.C. Acreman, T.R. Parsons, P.A. Thompson, H.M. Dovey and Chen Xiaolin, Copyright 1986, with permission from ElsevierThe effects of a dispersant, Corexit 9527, plus Prudhoe Bay crude oil and the effects of the dispersant only on natural assemblages of marine phytoplankton in three large experimental ecosystem enclosures (CEEs) were studied. The oil and dispersant were added to a layer between 2 and 4m depth yielding initial concentrations of 4.5 and 2.0 mg litre-1, respectively. The enclosures remained undisturbed for the 17-day experiment except for sampling at 2- or 3-day intervals. Nutrient concentrations, nitrogen transport rates, chlorophyll a, primary productivity, phytoplankton sinking rates, species composition and cell numbers were followed over the course of the experiment. In the enclosure with oil and dispersant, diatom growth was suppressed and the phytoplankton were dominated by microflagellates such as haptophytes, chrysophytes and a prasinophyte. The diatoms appeared healthy under the microscope and the total number of species was similar to the control, but it was the numerical abundance of each diatom species that was affected by the oil. Pennate diatoms, amoebae, zooflagellates (e.g. bodonids) were more abundant than in the control enclosure. The phytoplankton successions in the enclosure receiving only dispersant and in the control enclosure were very similar, but markedly different from that in the oil-plus-dispersant enclosure. A diatom bloom commenced in both the control and the enclosure receiving only dispersant by day 2 and collapsed by day 11 due to nutrient exhaustion (nitrate and silicate). Nitrate was not exhausted in the enclosure containing oil and dispersant until the end of the experiment (day 17) and consequently primary productivity and nitrogen transport rates increased with time. This observation is in contrast with the control and dispersant only enclosures where primary productivity and nitrogen transport rates declined dramatically in the middle of the experiment due to the exhaustion of nitrate and silicate
Hart, T.E. 1989. Letters of agreement for the use of dispersants. Oil Dispersants: New Ecological Approaches, Philadelphia, Pa: American Society for Testing and Materials. pp.152-156.
Abstract
Subpart H to the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) authorizes the On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) to use dispersants on oil discharges if certain conditions have been met. Primary among these is the requirement that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) representative to the Regional Response Team (RRT) and the affected state concur regarding dispersant use. However, obtaining concurrence after a spill can be so time-consuming that optimal dispersant use is no longer possible. Since the effectiveness of dispersants is time-critical, the sooner that concurrence can be obtained and the dispersant applied, the more effective such application should be. Thus, planning can significantly increase the performance of dispersants. One way to expedite the decision making process is in agreements that preauthorize the OSC to use dispersants. The NCP encourages RRTs to plan for such use and to have preauthorizations in place. The Region IV RRT has developed an agreement for the use of dispersants in Florida. Two similar agreements have been developed by the Caribbean RRT for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. While none of these agreements allows the unrestricted use of dispersants, each specifies areas where the OSC can use dispersants and areas where dispersants cannot be used without further discussion with the EPA and the state. The Caribbean RRT has also included provisions in the agreements for a monitoring strategy to assess the effectiveness of dispersants when they are used. The key to an effective and successful response is having an organization and contingency plan in place. Such arrangements are an integral part of the Region IV and Caribbean RRTs ' contingency plans and will result in a more timely and informed decision on whether dispersants will be used
© ASTM International. Used with permission of ASTM InternationalSubpart H to the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) authorizes the On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) to use dispersants on oil discharges if certain conditions have been met. Primary among these is the requirement that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) representative to the Regional Response Team (RRT) and the affected state concur regarding dispersant use. However, obtaining concurrence after a spill can be so time-consuming that optimal dispersant use is no longer possible. Since the effectiveness of dispersants is time-critical, the sooner that concurrence can be obtained and the dispersant applied, the more effective such application should be. Thus, planning can significantly increase the performance of dispersants. One way to expedite the decision making process is in agreements that preauthorize the OSC to use dispersants. The NCP encourages RRTs to plan for such use and to have preauthorizations in place. The Region IV RRT has developed an agreement for the use of dispersants in Florida. Two similar agreements have been developed by the Caribbean RRT for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. While none of these agreements allows the unrestricted use of dispersants, each specifies areas where the OSC can use dispersants and areas where dispersants cannot be used without further discussion with the EPA and the state. The Caribbean RRT has also included provisions in the agreements for a monitoring strategy to assess the effectiveness of dispersants when they are used. The key to an effective and successful response is having an organization and contingency plan in place. Such arrangements are an integral part of the Region IV and Caribbean RRTs ' contingency plans and will result in a more timely and informed decision on whether dispersants will be used
Hart, T.E. 1987. Planning for the use of dispersants. In Proceedings: 1987 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), April 6-9, 1987, Baltimore, Maryland, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 619.
Hartwick, E.B.; Wu, R.S.S.; Parker, D.B. 1979. The Effect of Crude Oil and Oil Dispersant on Littleneck Clam Populations. Unpublished Report, Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada, Environmental Emergencies Branch. (no page information available).
Hartwick, E.B.; Wu, R.S.S.; Parker, D.B. 1982. Effects of a crude oil and an oil dispersant (Corexit 9527) on populations of the littleneck clam (Protothaca staminea). Marine Environmental Research, 6 (4): 291-306. ISSN: 0141-1136. doi:10.1016/0141-1136(82)90043-5.
Abstract
Field and laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of Alberta crude oil and an oil dispersant (Corexit 9527) on the larval settlement, survival, siphon activities and behaviour of the littleneck clam (Protothaca staminea). Corexit 9527 was much more toxic than crude oil, and the highest toxicity was obtained when Corexit 9527 was mixed with crude oil. Siphon activities were impaired and abnormal behaviour was exhibited when adult clams were treated with 100 ppm Corexit 9527, 1000 ppm crude oil or a combination of both. Larval settlement was not affected when the substratum was treated with 1000 ppm crude oil but was retarded when the substratum was treated with a mixture of 1000 ppm oil and 100 ppm Corexit 9527. Gas chromatograms also showed that the retention time and depth of penetration of hydrocarbons in the substratum were increased when Corexit 9527 was used with crude oil
Reprinted from Marine Environmental Research, Volume 6, E.B. Hartwick, R.S.S. Wu, D.B. Parker, Copyright 1982, with permission from ElsevierField and laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of Alberta crude oil and an oil dispersant (Corexit 9527) on the larval settlement, survival, siphon activities and behaviour of the littleneck clam (Protothaca staminea). Corexit 9527 was much more toxic than crude oil, and the highest toxicity was obtained when Corexit 9527 was mixed with crude oil. Siphon activities were impaired and abnormal behaviour was exhibited when adult clams were treated with 100 ppm Corexit 9527, 1000 ppm crude oil or a combination of both. Larval settlement was not affected when the substratum was treated with 1000 ppm crude oil but was retarded when the substratum was treated with a mixture of 1000 ppm oil and 100 ppm Corexit 9527. Gas chromatograms also showed that the retention time and depth of penetration of hydrocarbons in the substratum were increased when Corexit 9527 was used with crude oil
Hartwig, E. 1984. Experimental investigations about effects of crude oil and dispersed crude oil in tidal flat environments. IX. Benthic ciliated Protozoa. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 16 (1-6): 121-152. ISSN: 0080-889X.
Abstract
Field experiments were carried out to examine the influence of crude oil and crude oil tensid-mixtures on the benthic ciliate fauna, as well as members of the genus Trachelocercidae and Remanella. Arabian light crude oil, trehaloselipid and Finasol OS R5 were used. Laboratory experiments were carried out to confirm results from field experiments and to eliminate the impact of uncontaminated specimens on the sampling area. Analysis of population densities and vertical distribution of organisms indicate that crude oil and crude soil-trehaloselipid mixture are equally toxic, and that crude oil/Finasol OS R5 mixtures are far more toxic than crude oil alone and the crude oil-trehaloselipid mixture
Field experiments were carried out to examine the influence of crude oil and crude oil tensid-mixtures on the benthic ciliate fauna, as well as members of the genus Trachelocercidae and Remanella. Arabian light crude oil, trehaloselipid and Finasol OS R5 were used. Laboratory experiments were carried out to confirm results from field experiments and to eliminate the impact of uncontaminated specimens on the sampling area. Analysis of population densities and vertical distribution of organisms indicate that crude oil and crude soil-trehaloselipid mixture are equally toxic, and that crude oil/Finasol OS R5 mixtures are far more toxic than crude oil alone and the crude oil-trehaloselipid mixture
Harty, B.; McLachlan, A. 1982. Effects of water-soluble fractions of crude oil and dispersants on nitrate generation by sandy beach microfauna. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 13 (8): 287-291. ISSN: 0025-326X.
Abstract
Effects on sandy beach microfauna of soluble pollutants, such as might be associated with an oil spill, were investigated in terms of nitrate generation. Nitrate generation by the microfauna in small sand columns in the laboratory was severely inhibited by water-soluble fractions of crude oil, dispersant and oil/dispersant mixtures in order of increasing effects. Short-term effects of such pollutants on nutrient regeneration by exposed sandy beaches are discussed
Reprinted from Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 13, B. Harty, A. McLachlan, Copyright 1982, with permission from ElsevierEffects on sandy beach microfauna of soluble pollutants, such as might be associated with an oil spill, were investigated in terms of nitrate generation. Nitrate generation by the microfauna in small sand columns in the laboratory was severely inhibited by water-soluble fractions of crude oil, dispersant and oil/dispersant mixtures in order of increasing effects. Short-term effects of such pollutants on nutrient regeneration by exposed sandy beaches are discussed
Hatcher, A.I.; Larkum, A.W.D. 1982. The effects of short term exposure to Bass Strait crude oil and Corexit 8667 on benthic community metabolism in Posidonia australis Hook.f. dominated microcosms. Aquatic Botany, 12 (3): 219-227. ISSN: 0304-3770. doi:10.1016/0304-3770(82)90018-3.
Abstract
Microcosms consisting of a sublittoral seagrass meadow from Botany Bay, N.S.W. were maintained in aquaria in a controlled environment room from March to August 1979. Oxygen production and consumption in the microcosms and leaf turnover of the seagrass, Posidonia australis Hook.f. were measured before, during and after a 7-day treatment in June with Bass Strait crude oil and the dispersant Corexit 8667. Four microcosms received oil and two of these received dispersant. The leaf turnover of P. australis was not significantly affected by the addition of oil and dispersant. Photosynthetic oxygen production decreased and respiration increased in the microcosms during treatment. In August, 40 days after treatment, oxygen production rates and P/R ratios in the oil-treated microcosms were higher than rates measured before treatment. The oil-and-dispersant-treated microcosms did not show this trend. The results of this study indicate that a more severe stress is placed on the P. australis dominated benthic community by oil and dispersant than by oil alone
Reprinted from Aquatic Botany, Volume 12, A.I. Hatcher, A.W.D. Larkum, Copyright 1982, with permission from ElsevierMicrocosms consisting of a sublittoral seagrass meadow from Botany Bay, N.S.W. were maintained in aquaria in a controlled environment room from March to August 1979. Oxygen production and consumption in the microcosms and leaf turnover of the seagrass, Posidonia australis Hook.f. were measured before, during and after a 7-day treatment in June with Bass Strait crude oil and the dispersant Corexit 8667. Four microcosms received oil and two of these received dispersant. The leaf turnover of P. australis was not significantly affected by the addition of oil and dispersant. Photosynthetic oxygen production decreased and respiration increased in the microcosms during treatment. In August, 40 days after treatment, oxygen production rates and P/R ratios in the oil-treated microcosms were higher than rates measured before treatment. The oil-and-dispersant-treated microcosms did not show this trend. The results of this study indicate that a more severe stress is placed on the P. australis dominated benthic community by oil and dispersant than by oil alone
Hatfield, C.T. 1974. Ecological Effects of Dispersant Use in Oil Spill Control; A Background Paper on Environment Canada Policy on Dispersant Use in the Pacific Region. Vancouver, B.C: Environment Canada, Environmental Protection Service, Pacific Region. 13p.
Hauschildt-Lillge, D. 1982. Long-term effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on the life cycle and productivity of the littoral oligochaete Lumbricillus lineatus. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 16 502-510. ISSN: 0077-7579. doi:10.1016/0077-7579(82)90055-2.
Abstract
Lumbricillus lineatus, a dominant inhabitant of sandy shores, was exposed to water-soluble fractions of crude oil (Arabian Light) through 5 generations (15 months). Although in short-term tests very resistant to high hydrocarbon concentrations, long-term exposure of the worms considerably reduced the fertility of eggs and hatching success of embryos. The depressed reproduction and general viability was in part compensated by an increased cocoon production. Mixtures of soil and the dispersants Corexit 7664 and Finasol OSR-5 were drastically more toxic than oil alone, diminishing cocoon production and fertility of eggs markedly
Reprinted from Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, Volume 16, D. Hauschildt-Lillge, Copyright 1982, with permission from ElsevierLumbricillus lineatus, a dominant inhabitant of sandy shores, was exposed to water-soluble fractions of crude oil (Arabian Light) through 5 generations (15 months). Although in short-term tests very resistant to high hydrocarbon concentrations, long-term exposure of the worms considerably reduced the fertility of eggs and hatching success of embryos. The depressed reproduction and general viability was in part compensated by an increased cocoon production. Mixtures of soil and the dispersants Corexit 7664 and Finasol OSR-5 were drastically more toxic than oil alone, diminishing cocoon production and fertility of eggs markedly
Haynes, D.L. 1984. Developing Methods for Analyzing Oil Dispersants in Seawater, Cincinnati, Oh: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory. 36p.
Headley, K. 2000. Boat spray application of dispersant. In Where the World of Offshore Technology Meets: OTC 2000: Offshore Technology Conference, Dallas, Tx: Offshore Technology Conference. pp. 215-216.
Abstract
Dispersant application is becoming considerably more utilized as a tool in the response toolbox at oil spills. The primary application tool in the past has been through aircraft. While aircraft application is extremely effective, boat application can be efficiently utilized as an additional tool for delivery of dispersant. This paper discusses the potential use and awareness for boat application of dispersant
© CSA, 2000Dispersant application is becoming considerably more utilized as a tool in the response toolbox at oil spills. The primary application tool in the past has been through aircraft. While aircraft application is extremely effective, boat application can be efficiently utilized as an additional tool for delivery of dispersant. This paper discusses the potential use and awareness for boat application of dispersant
Hébert, G.W.; Kussat, R.H. 1972. A Laboratory Evaluation of the Toxicity of Certain Oils and Chemical Oil Dispersants to Juvenile Coho Salmon and Staghorn Sculpins. Vancouver, B.C: Canada Department of the Environment, Fisheries Service, Pacific Region, Northern Operations Branch. 19p.
Heldal, M.; Norland, S.; Lien, T.; Knutsen, G. 1978. Acute toxicity of several oil dispersants towards the green algae Chlamydomonas and Dunaliella. Chemosphere, 7 (3): 247-255. ISSN: 0045-6535. doi:10.1016/0045-6535(78)90076-0.
Abstract
Several oil dispersants were tested on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Dunaliella marina. Toxicity testing was performed with 3 types of tests - a plate test, a tube test using synchronously cultured Chlamydomonas, and a tube test with exponentially grown Dunaliella cultures. The results of these tests using 12 dispersants are presented in tabular form. In another table the effects of mixtures of Ekofisk crude oil with dispersants in a 1:1 ratio on both species are presented and the compounds are grouped according to the lowest concentration which killed all cells of the test population
© CSA, 1978Several oil dispersants were tested on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Dunaliella marina. Toxicity testing was performed with 3 types of tests - a plate test, a tube test using synchronously cultured Chlamydomonas, and a tube test with exponentially grown Dunaliella cultures. The results of these tests using 12 dispersants are presented in tabular form. In another table the effects of mixtures of Ekofisk crude oil with dispersants in a 1:1 ratio on both species are presented and the compounds are grouped according to the lowest concentration which killed all cells of the test population
Hellmann H.; Marcinowski H.J. 1972. Experiments on combating accidental release of oil. Marine Pollution and Sea Life, West Byfleet (Surrey), U.K: Fishing News Ltd. for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. pp. 485-487. ISBN: 0852380216.
Abstract
In attempting to recreate laboratory results in large-scale tests under natural conditions, 12 tons of crude oil were released in the German Bight and were treated with Corexit 7664. Low levels of atmospheric and water turbulence resulted in the dispersant not being able to reach its optimal mixing efficiency, but the test was judged successful since researchers were able to accelerate the speed of diffusion of the oil and to prevent emulsion of the crude oil. Burning tests and a combination of burning with the addition of alkali metals with a carbide were also performed in a second experimental release off Hoek van Holland
In attempting to recreate laboratory results in large-scale tests under natural conditions, 12 tons of crude oil were released in the German Bight and were treated with Corexit 7664. Low levels of atmospheric and water turbulence resulted in the dispersant not being able to reach its optimal mixing efficiency, but the test was judged successful since researchers were able to accelerate the speed of diffusion of the oil and to prevent emulsion of the crude oil. Burning tests and a combination of burning with the addition of alkali metals with a carbide were also performed in a second experimental release off Hoek van Holland
Hellmann, H. 1969. Combatting oil with Corexit 7664, a large-scale test in the North Sea. Hansa, 106 (16): 1366-1368. ISSN: 0017-7504.
Hellmann, H. 1967. De-oiling water surfaces - a practical application for surface-active agents?. Tenside, 4 (11): 352-356. ISSN: 0040-3490.
Hellmann, H.; Knöpp, H. 1969. Investigations on the suitability of new agents for oil control on water surfaces. Deutsche Gewässerkundliche Mitteilungen, 13 (3): 82-83. ISSN: 0012-0235.
Hellmann, H.; Bruns, F.J. 1970. The application and comparative examination of chemical agents for the dispersion of crude oil on water surfaces. Erdöl & Kohle, Erdgas, Petrochemie, 23 (9): 594-599. ISSN: 0014-0058.
Hellmann, H.; Bruns, F.J. 1970. Model experiments on the formation of crude oil emulsions and their significance for combating oil pollution of the sea. Tenside, 7 (1): 11-15. ISSN: 0040-3490.
Hellmann, H.; Klein, K.; Knöpp, H. 1966. Investigations into the suitability of emulsifying agents for the elimination of oil on water surfaces (pt.1). Deutsche Gewässerkundliche Mitteilungen, 10 (2): 29-35. ISSN: 0012-0235.
Hellmann, H.; Klein, K.; Knöpp, H. 1966. Investigations into the suitability of emulsifying agents for the elimination of oil on water surfaces (pts.2-3). Deutsche Gewässerkundliche Mitteilungen, 10 (3): 60-70. ISSN: 0012-0235.
Hellmann, H.; Knöpp, H. 1967. Further investigations into the suitability of emulsifying agents for the elimination of oil on water surfaces. Deutsche Gewässerkundliche Mitteilungen, 11 (4): 91-95. ISSN: 0012-0235.
Hellmann, H.; Zehle, H. 1972. The oil viscosity as a limiting efficiency factor in oil control in water with the help of chemical oil dispersants. Tenside Detergents, 9 (2): 61-65. ISSN: 0040-3490.
Hellmann, H.; Mueller, D. 1981. A contribution to testing the technical efficiency and the toxicity of chemical agents for dispersion of crude oil on water surfaces. Deutsche Gewässerkundliche Mitteilungen, 25 (2): 56-59. ISSN: 0012-0235.
Abstract
Approved methods for the examination of the technical efficiency and the toxicity of chemical agents for the dispersion of oils (emulsifiers and dispersants) to water organisms are described. For the examination of the technical efficiency a circulation device is used in which the mixture of water, oil and dispersing agent undergoes a relative gentle water movement. The distinction of emulsified and dispersed oil is done by means of the size of droplets. The individual emulsifiers and dispersing agents are classified in four groups in respect to their technical efficiency. As to the toxicological examination which has, up to now, covered the inhibition of the oxygen consumption by bacteria and the photosynthetical oxygen production by algae in the "assimilation depletion test", it is suggested to expand the rest program. In future the toxicity test should be extended to Daphnia and fish. Biodegradation will be brought up in future, as further criterion for selection. Reasons for the expansion of the biological test program are given. As a result of works which were carried out for the "German Committee for Oil Spill Accidents at Sea and Coast", the test results of 19 products are presented, whereby products which are of extreme toxicity and/or are ineffective are disregarded
© CSA, 1982Approved methods for the examination of the technical efficiency and the toxicity of chemical agents for the dispersion of oils (emulsifiers and dispersants) to water organisms are described. For the examination of the technical efficiency a circulation device is used in which the mixture of water, oil and dispersing agent undergoes a relative gentle water movement. The distinction of emulsified and dispersed oil is done by means of the size of droplets. The individual emulsifiers and dispersing agents are classified in four groups in respect to their technical efficiency. As to the toxicological examination which has, up to now, covered the inhibition of the oxygen consumption by bacteria and the photosynthetical oxygen production by algae in the "assimilation depletion test", it is suggested to expand the rest program. In future the toxicity test should be extended to Daphnia and fish. Biodegradation will be brought up in future, as further criterion for selection. Reasons for the expansion of the biological test program are given. As a result of works which were carried out for the "German Committee for Oil Spill Accidents at Sea and Coast", the test results of 19 products are presented, whereby products which are of extreme toxicity and/or are ineffective are disregarded
Helsinki Commission. 2005. Analysis of New Opportunities for Usage of Dispersants in the Baltic Sea: HELCOM Workshop, Riga, Latvia. 26-27 April, 2005, Helsinki: Helsinki Commission. (no page information available). URL
Henager, C. H.; Walkup, P. C.; Blacklaw, J. R.; Smith, J. D.; Polentz, L. M. 1970. Study of Equipment and Methods for Removing or Dispersing Oil from Open Waters, Richland, Wa: Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 247p.. URL
Abstract
A cost effectiveness analysis was performed for equipment, materials and techniques applicable to the removal or dispersal of spilled oil from U.S. Navy AO and AOG vessels on open waters. Effectiveness parameters included oil product types (JP-5, Distillate Fuel, Navy Special and Bunker C), expected spill locations (3 and 12 miles from shore) and size of expected spill (10 tons, 1000 tons and 25,000 tons). Criteria for evaluation of systems under the above parameter situations, formulated for presently available equipment and materials, include: completeness of oil removal; rate of removal; hazard and pollution; use in limited access areas; sensitivity to expected environmental factors; sensitivity to temperature extremes; toxicity to marine life and system availability. Cost effectiveness was determined using the 3 spill sizes and checked for spill frequency sensitivity. The three most cost effective systems for the spectrum of spill sizes were found to be burning of the oil, dispersing the spilled oil and mechanical skimming. Considering system applicability to various products and the practical requirements of rate of removal for massive spills, the most practical universal system with a favorable cost effectiveness ratio was found to be dispersing. This is followed by dispersing plus a containment boom
A cost effectiveness analysis was performed for equipment, materials and techniques applicable to the removal or dispersal of spilled oil from U.S. Navy AO and AOG vessels on open waters. Effectiveness parameters included oil product types (JP-5, Distillate Fuel, Navy Special and Bunker C), expected spill locations (3 and 12 miles from shore) and size of expected spill (10 tons, 1000 tons and 25,000 tons). Criteria for evaluation of systems under the above parameter situations, formulated for presently available equipment and materials, include: completeness of oil removal; rate of removal; hazard and pollution; use in limited access areas; sensitivity to expected environmental factors; sensitivity to temperature extremes; toxicity to marine life and system availability. Cost effectiveness was determined using the 3 spill sizes and checked for spill frequency sensitivity. The three most cost effective systems for the spectrum of spill sizes were found to be burning of the oil, dispersing the spilled oil and mechanical skimming. Considering system applicability to various products and the practical requirements of rate of removal for massive spills, the most practical universal system with a favorable cost effectiveness ratio was found to be dispersing. This is followed by dispersing plus a containment boom
Henager, C.H.; Walkup, P.C.; Blacklaw, J.R.; Smith, J.D. 1971. Study of equipment and methods for removing or dispersing oil from open waters. In Proceedings of Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil Spills: June 15-17, 1971, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 405-414.
Abstract
A cost effectiveness analysis was performed for equipment, materials and techniques applicable to the removal or dispersal of spilled oil from U.S. Navy oilers and gasoline tankers on open waters. Effectiveness parameters included oil product types (JP-5, Distillate Fuel, Navy Special and Bunker C), a range of spill locations (3 and 12 miles from shore) and varying spill sizes (2,700 gal, 270,000 gal, and 6,750,000 gal). Criteria for evaluation of systems under the above parameter situations, formulated for presently available equipment and materials, included: completeness of oil removal; rate of removal; hazard and pollution; use in limited access areas; sensitivity to expected environmental factors; sensitivity to temperature extremes; toxicity to marine life; and system availability. Cost effectiveness was determined using the 3 spill sizes and checked for spill frequency sensitivity. The 3 most cost effective systems for the range of spill sizes were found to be burning, dispersing, and mechanical skimming. Considering system applicability to various products and the requirements of rate of removal for massive spills, the most practical universal system with a favorable cost effectiveness ratio was found to be dispersing. This is followed by dispersing plus a containment boom. Burning agents applied directly to the spill were judged to be the third best system based on its favorable cost effectiveness but limited applicability to oil types and permissible burning circumstances
© 1971 with permission from APIA cost effectiveness analysis was performed for equipment, materials and techniques applicable to the removal or dispersal of spilled oil from U.S. Navy oilers and gasoline tankers on open waters. Effectiveness parameters included oil product types (JP-5, Distillate Fuel, Navy Special and Bunker C), a range of spill locations (3 and 12 miles from shore) and varying spill sizes (2,700 gal, 270,000 gal, and 6,750,000 gal). Criteria for evaluation of systems under the above parameter situations, formulated for presently available equipment and materials, included: completeness of oil removal; rate of removal; hazard and pollution; use in limited access areas; sensitivity to expected environmental factors; sensitivity to temperature extremes; toxicity to marine life; and system availability. Cost effectiveness was determined using the 3 spill sizes and checked for spill frequency sensitivity. The 3 most cost effective systems for the range of spill sizes were found to be burning, dispersing, and mechanical skimming. Considering system applicability to various products and the requirements of rate of removal for massive spills, the most practical universal system with a favorable cost effectiveness ratio was found to be dispersing. This is followed by dispersing plus a containment boom. Burning agents applied directly to the spill were judged to be the third best system based on its favorable cost effectiveness but limited applicability to oil types and permissible burning circumstances
Henry, C. 2005. Review of dispersant use in U.S. Gulf of Mexico waters since the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. In 2005 International Oil Spill Conference; Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Restoration: May 15-19, 2005, Miami Beach Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 439-442. URL
Abstract
Since the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90), dispersants have been used as part of a combined response to mitigate seven oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) waters. Of the dispersant operations reported, four utilized the Regional Response Team VI pre-approval authority to the Federal On-Scene Coordinator (FOSC) that requires a monitoring plan. The successful integration of dispersant pre-authorization along with a fully funded ready response delivery system maintained by industry contributed to the successful use of dispersants to aid in mitigating spilled oil. A key element to gaining the original pre-approval authority was a functional operational monitoring plan. While each response was considered a successful dispersant operation, each incident provided valuable lessons learned that have been integrated into subsequent contingency planning and modifications to existing pre-authorization requirements in the GOM. This paper provides a chronological review of oil spill responses where dispersants were applied in the GOM since OPA 90
© 2005 with permission from APISince the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90), dispersants have been used as part of a combined response to mitigate seven oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) waters. Of the dispersant operations reported, four utilized the Regional Response Team VI pre-approval authority to the Federal On-Scene Coordinator (FOSC) that requires a monitoring plan. The successful integration of dispersant pre-authorization along with a fully funded ready response delivery system maintained by industry contributed to the successful use of dispersants to aid in mitigating spilled oil. A key element to gaining the original pre-approval authority was a functional operational monitoring plan. While each response was considered a successful dispersant operation, each incident provided valuable lessons learned that have been integrated into subsequent contingency planning and modifications to existing pre-authorization requirements in the GOM. This paper provides a chronological review of oil spill responses where dispersants were applied in the GOM since OPA 90
Henry, C. 1999. Dispersant Application and Monitoring Results in Support of the Oil Spill off Southwest Pass, Louisiana. Report to Regional Response Team 6, (no publishing information available). 12p.
Henry, C.B.; Roberts, P.O.; Overton, E.B. 1999. A primer on in situ fluorometry to monitor dispersed oil. In Beyond 2000, Balancing Perspectives: Proceedings: 1999 International Oil Spill Conference: March 8-11, 1999, Seattle, Washington, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 225-228. URL
Abstract
A flow-through fluorometry system is a valuable tool for measuring dispersed oil concentrations real-time in freshwater and marine environments. As part of the new Scientific Monitoring of Advanced Response Technologies (SMART), fluorometers are used to investigate dispersant efficacy and dispersed oil transport. Using fluorometers in situ to accurately measure dispersed oil concentrations is not a trivial task: detector response values vary due to oil composition, oil weathering changes response factors, dispersed oil is not a true solution, and natural waters contribute matrix effects and background fluorescence. Based on recent experiences and building upon research conducted in the 1980's, the most effective and accurate method to estimate the dispersed oil concentrations is through real-time water grab samples analyzed by laboratory methodologies for in-vitro dispersed oil toxicity quantification. Once analyzed, the field water results can be used to establish a response curve, converting raw field response values into oil concentrations. The continuous record created by the flow-through fluorometer provides a far more comprehensive assessment than collecting a few water samples for laboratory analysis. The combination of using a real-time fluorometer in conjunction with field water sampling is a far superior approach than either method alone. The art and science of in-situ fluorometry for measuring dispersed oil will be demonstrated using both laboratory and actual field data
© 1999 with permission from API.A flow-through fluorometry system is a valuable tool for measuring dispersed oil concentrations real-time in freshwater and marine environments. As part of the new Scientific Monitoring of Advanced Response Technologies (SMART), fluorometers are used to investigate dispersant efficacy and dispersed oil transport. Using fluorometers in situ to accurately measure dispersed oil concentrations is not a trivial task: detector response values vary due to oil composition, oil weathering changes response factors, dispersed oil is not a true solution, and natural waters contribute matrix effects and background fluorescence. Based on recent experiences and building upon research conducted in the 1980's, the most effective and accurate method to estimate the dispersed oil concentrations is through real-time water grab samples analyzed by laboratory methodologies for in-vitro dispersed oil toxicity quantification. Once analyzed, the field water results can be used to establish a response curve, converting raw field response values into oil concentrations. The continuous record created by the flow-through fluorometer provides a far more comprehensive assessment than collecting a few water samples for laboratory analysis. The combination of using a real-time fluorometer in conjunction with field water sampling is a far superior approach than either method alone. The art and science of in-situ fluorometry for measuring dispersed oil will be demonstrated using both laboratory and actual field data
Hidu, H. 1965. Effects of synthetic surfactants on the larvae of clams (M. mercenaria) and oysters (C. virginica). Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 37 (2): 262-270. ISSN: 0043-1303.
Abstract
Numerous studies have been carried out on the effect of synthetic detergents on various freshwater organisms, but little attention has been paid to their effects on estuarine and marine animals. Experiments were, therefore, carried out on the effects of 8 surface-active agents on the larvae of clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) and oysters (Crassostrea virginica), since these are important commercial species. The compounds tested were 4 anionic (3 alkylarylsulphonates and one alkyl sulphate), 2 cationic, and 2 non-ionic; their composition is tabulated. It was found that development of fertilized eggs and growth and survival of fully formed veliger larvae of clams and oysters were reduced by concentrations of surface-active agents ranging from 0.01 to 5.00 mg per litre, depending on the compound used. The cationic compounds, lauryl pyridinium chloride and a quaternary ammonium compound, were the most toxic, the minimal concentrations having an adverse effect ranging from 0.01 to 1.00 mg per litre, while the non-ionic compounds, two alkyl polyether alcohols, were least toxic, the minimal concentrations affecting growth and survival ranging from 1.00 to 5.00 mg per litre. The four anionic compounds were intermediate in toxicity, the minimal concentrations affecting the larvae ranging from 0.14 to 3.00 mg per litre. In all cases, the oyster larvae were more sensitive than the clam larvae. It was observed that, in most cases, reduction in the rate of growth occurred at concentrations lower than those required to cause mortality. From the available data on the concentrations of surface-active agents found in estuaries, it appears that concentrations harmful to clam and oyster larvae may be reached in certain commercial shellfish habitats. In addition, concentrations too low to be harmful in themselves might, in conjunction with low concentrations of other pollutants, cause serious mortality. The need for determination of the concentrations of detergents in water over important shellfish beds and for bio-assays to determine the effect of various ecological factors on the toxic effect of detergents under natural conditions, is stressed
© CSA, 1965Numerous studies have been carried out on the effect of synthetic detergents on various freshwater organisms, but little attention has been paid to their effects on estuarine and marine animals. Experiments were, therefore, carried out on the effects of 8 surface-active agents on the larvae of clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) and oysters (Crassostrea virginica), since these are important commercial species. The compounds tested were 4 anionic (3 alkylarylsulphonates and one alkyl sulphate), 2 cationic, and 2 non-ionic; their composition is tabulated. It was found that development of fertilized eggs and growth and survival of fully formed veliger larvae of clams and oysters were reduced by concentrations of surface-active agents ranging from 0.01 to 5.00 mg per litre, depending on the compound used. The cationic compounds, lauryl pyridinium chloride and a quaternary ammonium compound, were the most toxic, the minimal concentrations having an adverse effect ranging from 0.01 to 1.00 mg per litre, while the non-ionic compounds, two alkyl polyether alcohols, were least toxic, the minimal concentrations affecting growth and survival ranging from 1.00 to 5.00 mg per litre. The four anionic compounds were intermediate in toxicity, the minimal concentrations affecting the larvae ranging from 0.14 to 3.00 mg per litre. In all cases, the oyster larvae were more sensitive than the clam larvae. It was observed that, in most cases, reduction in the rate of growth occurred at concentrations lower than those required to cause mortality. From the available data on the concentrations of surface-active agents found in estuaries, it appears that concentrations harmful to clam and oyster larvae may be reached in certain commercial shellfish habitats. In addition, concentrations too low to be harmful in themselves might, in conjunction with low concentrations of other pollutants, cause serious mortality. The need for determination of the concentrations of detergents in water over important shellfish beds and for bio-assays to determine the effect of various ecological factors on the toxic effect of detergents under natural conditions, is stressed
Hildebrand, P.B.; Ross, C.W.; Allen, A.A. 1977. The Feasibility of Oil Spill Dispersant Application in the Southern Beaufort Sea: A Report Submitted to Research and Development Division, Environmental Emergency Branch, Environmental Impact Control Directorate, Environmental Protection Service, Department of Fisheries and Environment, Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Supply and Services Canada. 102p. ISBN: 0662010272.
Hillman, S.O.; Hood, S.D.; Bronson, M.T.; Shufelt, G. 1997. Dispersant field monitoring procedures. In Proceedings: Twentieth Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program Technical Seminar, June 11-13, 1997, Coast Plaza Hotel, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. pp. 521-539.
Hillman, S.O. 1998. Dispersant application plans: rationale, execution and implications of regulatory controls. In Dispersant Application in Alaska: A Technical Update, Anchorage Hilton Hotel, Anchorage, Alaska, March 18 and 19, 1998, Cordova, Ak: Prince William Sound Oil Spill Recovery Institute. pp. 13-32.
Hirose, K.; Kawakami, K. 1977. Effects of insecticides, oil dispersants and synthetic detergent on the embryonic development in Medaka, Oryzias latipes. Bulletin of Tokai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, 91 9-17. ISSN: 0040-8859.
Hoffman, R.W.; Belore, R.; Mearns, A. 1999. A comparison of effluent discharge criteria to oil spill dispersion criteria. In Proceedings: Twenty-Second Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program Technical Seminar, June 2 to 4, 1999, Westin Hotel, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. pp. 209-218.
Hokstad, J.N.; Daling, P.S.; Lewis, A.; Strøm-Kristiansen, T. 1993. Methodology for testing water-in-oil emulsions and demulsifiers: description of laboratory procedures. Formation and Breaking of Water-in-Oil Emulsions: Workshop Proceedings, June 14-15, 1993, Kananaskis Village, Alberta, Canada, Washington, D.C: Marine Spill Response Corporation. pp. 239-254.
Hokstad, J.N.; Knudsen, B.; Daling, P.S. 1996. Oil-Surfactant Interaction and Mechanism Studies - Part 1: A) Leaching of Surfactants From Oil to Water. B) Chemical Composition of Dispersed Oil, Trondheim, Norway: SINTEF. 63p.
Holden P.; Baker J.M. 1980. Experiment with oil and dispersants on the sea grass Zostera holtii. In Report of the Advisory Committee on Pollution of the Sea, Field Study Council, London: Advisory Committee on Pollution of the Sea. (no page information available).
Holme, N.A. 1969. Effects of “Torrey Canyon” pollution on marine life. Oil on the Sea; Proceedings of a Symposium on the Scientific and Engineering Aspects of Oil Pollution of the Sea, New York: Plenum Press. pp. 1-3. ISBN: 0306304430.
Honda, S. 1972. Examination of the treatment efficiency of oil disperers. Osaka Industrial Technical Institute Quarterly, 23 225-229.
Honda, S.; Kondo, G. 1968. Report on the test of various kinds of oil spill dispersers. I. Osaka Industrial Technical Institute Quarterly, 19 139-143.
Honda, S.; Kondo, G. 1968. Report on the test of various kinds of oil spill dispersers. II. Osaka Industrial Technical Institute Quarterly, 20 130-133.
Honda, S.; Kondo, G.; Eto, S. 1969. Measurement of emulsifying efficiency of oil dispersers. Osaka Industrial Technical Institute Quarterly, 20 11-14.
Honda, S. et al. 1969. Report on the test of various kinds of oil spill dispersers. III. Osaka Industrial Technical Institute Quarterly, 20 15-20.
Horn, S.A.; Castle, R.W. 1980. Application of oil spills dispersants by aircraft. Conference Report Hamburg 1978: International Oil-Pollution Prevention Conference = Internationale Fachseminare Mineralöl Und Geswässerschutz, Hamburg: Hamburg Messe und Kongress. pp. 109-142.
Horn, S.A. 1983. Aerial application of dispersants for offshore spill situations. Proceedings of the Conference: Georges Bank Hydrocarbon Exploration and Development, Hanover, N.H: American Society for Environmental Education. pp. 98-101.
Horn, S.A. 1987. Aerial application of dispersants - an effective spill cleanup operation. In Spillcon '87 - Proceedings of Australian National Oil Spill Conference, Melbourne, 7-9 October 1987, Melbourne, Vic: Australian Institute of Petroleum. Paper No.19. (no page information available).
Howard, S. 1987. Effect of Nigerian crude oil and Dispolene 34 dispersant on the intertidal seagrass Zostera. Quarterly Journal of Technical Papers, 1987 (July-September): 1-30. ISSN: 0269-1183.
Abstract
A mixture of Nigerian crude and Dispolene 34 were applied to intertidal Zostera beds at Milford Haven. Over a period of eight weeks, the percentage of seagrass cover was reduced from 55 to 15% after application. The exposure to the oil/dispersant mixture did not kill seagrass, but arrested growth was observed, when compared to control. The presence of the dispersant did not result in decreased hydrocarbon concentrations in sediments. As a result of the data, researches feel that this dispersant should not be used in the vicinity of seagrass beds
A mixture of Nigerian crude and Dispolene 34 were applied to intertidal Zostera beds at Milford Haven. Over a period of eight weeks, the percentage of seagrass cover was reduced from 55 to 15% after application. The exposure to the oil/dispersant mixture did not kill seagrass, but arrested growth was observed, when compared to control. The presence of the dispersant did not result in decreased hydrocarbon concentrations in sediments. As a result of the data, researches feel that this dispersant should not be used in the vicinity of seagrass beds
This database consists of citations found in journals, conference proceedings, government reports and gray literature covering over 40 years of published research on oil spill dispersants. Citations were collected from 1960 through June 2008. This bibliography was compiled and edited by John Conover, Associate Librarian at LUMCON, and funded by a grant from the Louisiana Applied and Educational Oil Spill Research and Development Program (OSRADP).
EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Quarterly Issues
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Compilations
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- Biology
- Ecological, anatomical, and physiological effects of oil and/or gas, Species as biomarkers, PAH uptake and bioaccumulation, etc.
- Chemistry/Geochemistry/Geology
- Biochemistry, Biodegradation, Bioremediation, Hydrocarbon degradation, Environmental sampling, Soil contamination, etc.
- Engineering/Physics
- Technological advancements in facility/equipment design and use, Spill response and recovery equipment, Physical properties of oil and gas, etc.
- Environment/Ecosystem Management/Spills
- Environmental assessment and management, Oil and/or gas spill description and analysis, etc.
- Socioeconomic/Regulation/General
- Social and economic ramifications, Politics, Governmental policy and legislation, Organizational policy, General interest, etc.
Giessing, Anders M. B.; Mayer, Lawrence M.; Forbes, Thomas L. 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide as the major aqueous pyrene metabolite in tissue and gut fluid from the marine deposit-feeding polychaete Nereis diversicolor. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2003;
Volume 22 (5): 1107-1114. ISSN: 0730-7268.
Phase I and phase II metabolites were identified in a species of polychaete after exposing the organism to pyrene. It is believed that 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide, the only phase I metabolite of pyrene in this species, is a useful biomarker for PAH exposure.
Lichtfouse, E.; Eglinton, T.I. 13C and 14C evidence of pollution of a soil by fossil fuel and reconstruction of the composition of the pollutant. Organic Geochemistry, October 1995;
Volume 23 (10): 969-973. ISSN: 0146-6380.
Researchers use 13C/12C ratios, the 14C age and relative concentrations to assess the origins of n-alkanes in a polluted soil
Johannesen, J. et al. 3D oil migration modelling of the Jurassic petroleum system of the Stratfjord area, Norwegian North Sea. Petroleum Geoscience, 2002;
Volume 8 (1): 37-50. ISSN: 1354-0793.
This modelling study enabled researchers to determine the vertical and lateral migration of hydrocarbons over time, and to conclude that present-day resources are the result of a multi-layered, multi-directional migrating system originating from three separate fields.
Kong, Vincent W. T.; Smethurst, J.; Chiem, B. H.; Stewart, R. C.; Teh, G. H. 3D marine exploration seismic survey in shallow water area, offshore Sabah. Warta Geologi [Newsletter of the Geological Society of Malaysia], 1989;
Volume 15
Rowson, Chris. 4C seismic technology makes mark in Caspian Sea. Offshore, 2003;
Volume 63 (5): 50. ISSN: 0030-0608.
Continued investments in oil exploration in the Caspian Sea and the surrounding region has resulted in the use of modern exploration methods. Geophysical surveys that consist of (4C) 3D seismic surveys are being used to improve imaging of the subsurface.
Schmidt, Victor A. 2-D seismic vessels for 3-D missions: old 2-D vessels can be used in new, more productive ways, serving vessel owners, oil companies. Sea Technology, September 1994;
Volume 35 (9): 15-22. ISSN: 0093-3651.
Schmidt reports on the status of the geophysical exploration industry and examines the 2-D versus 3-D vessel problem
Taylor, Susan. 0.45- to 1.1-æm spectra of Prudhoe crude oil and of beach materials in Prince William Sound, Alaska, [Hanover, NJ]. US Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory: 1992;
Volume Special Report (U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory) (92-5): 14 p..
1993 final work plan: Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration, Anchorage, AK. The Trustees: [1993];
A plan of action is outlined regarding remediation of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill
LaBelle, R. P.; Galt, J. A.; Tennyson, E. J.; McGrattan, K. B. 1993 Spill off Tampa Bay, a candidate for burning?. Proceedings: Seventeenth Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program Technical Seminar, Ottawa. Environment Canada: 1994;
Volume 1 635-649.
Authors describe the general behavior and movements of the spilled oil and the sea and weather conditions during and following the August 10, 1993 collision of the Tank Barge Ocean 255 and the Tank Barge Bouchard B-155 with the freighter Balsa 37 in Tampa Bay, Florida. In addition, discussed is the possibility of removing the oil by in-situ burning, and the results of smoke plume model runs
3D seismic yields more oil for Oryx off Texas. Oil and Gas Journal, 8-Nov-93;
Volume 91 33. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Reported is confirmation of a 25-30 million bbl oil discovery in the Gulf of Mexico by Oryx Energy, Dallas, employing a 3D seismic survey
1991 Oil Spill Conference Proceedings, March 1991, American Petroleum Institute: 1991;
Volume American Petroleum Institute Publications (4529):
1991 oil spill conference papers sought. Ocean Science News, April 10, 1990;
Volume 32 (10): 5.
1971 oil pollution compensation fund wound up. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2000;
Volume 40 (12): 1068. ISSN: 0025-326X.
A protocol was recently signed for the ending of the IOPC Fund, which is replaced by a Fund agreed on in 1992. The latter Fund allows for higher compensation for parties affected by oil pollution.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game. 1991 state/federal natural resource damage assessment and restoration plan for the Exxon Valdez oil spill, Juneau, AK. Trustee Council: 1991;
Anon. 700,000 gallons of oil spilled in Texas. Environmental Protection News, September 8, 1990;
Volume 5 (17): 4.
Cedar-Southworth, Donna. 1995 promises good opportunities for offshore operators. MMS Today, Feb-95;
Volume 5 (1): 7-Jun.
Hank Bartholomew, Deputy Associate Director for Offshore Operations, discusses some of the high priorities for 1995, including interaction with states on oill spill response, OHMSETT plans, and training and safety programs
Hull, Jennifer Pallanich. 40 rigs at work in water depths over 1,000 feet. Offshore, 2001;
Volume 61 (2): 16. ISSN: 0030-0608.
The Minerals Management Service sees the amount of deepwater drilling activity as a good indication for potential economic growth in the Gulf of Mexico region.
Knott, D. 10 years on from Exxon Valdez spill. Oil & Gas Journal, March 22, 1999;
Volume 97 (12): 45. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Greenpeace campaigner, Matthew Spencer, told Oil & Gas Journal that 10 years after the Exxon Valdez spill the important issue was whether or not the politicians were doing a better job of regulating the oil industry. Archie Smith, Chief Executive of Oil Spill Response Ltd. of the U.K., said 'the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 which arose because of the Exxon Valdez spill, increased the industry's understanding of the risks and preparedness for dealing with spills'
Neil, Chris. 2003 shows spot cargoes, tankers to dictate US LNG supplies, not terminal
capacities. Oil & Gas Journal, 2004;
Volume 102 (12): 70-72. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Data presented in this article shows an increase in LNG spot cargo imports to the US for 2002 and 2003. Analysts predict that this trend will not continue for 2004 and 2005 based on the costs of regasification versus market prices for gas.
U.S. Geological Survey, National Oil and Gas Resource Assessment Team. 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources: overview of the 1995 National Assessment of Potential Additions to Technically Recoverable Resources of Oil and Gas--Onshore and State Waters of the United States. Denver, CO. USGS Information Services: 1995;
Volume Circular 1118 20 p..
This circular is the fourth in a series of systematic assessments of undiscovered oil and gas in the United States
This bibliography is a quarterly compilation of current publications (citations with abstracts) from a wide variety of electronic and print information sources relating to offshore oil and gas development. It is compiled and edited by John Conover, Associate Librarian at LUMCON. Items listed may or may not be available at the LUMCON Library. Items without annotations were unavailable for perusal prior to publication.
All questions about using library facilities, locating library resources, or searching LUMCON catalogs should be directed to the Librarian.