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ABOUT THE LIBRARY
The LUMCON Library collection was originally housed in Ellender Memorial Library, located at Nicholls State University in Thibodaux, Louisiana. After completion of the DeFelice Marine Center in 1986, the collection was moved to its present location. Since that time, the Library has become an active resource center for LUMCON faculty and staff as well as Consortium member institutions, visiting researchers, students, and the public.
The library contains a computer lab and several study spaces available to visiting students, scientists, or groups (such as attendees of a writing retreat).
The collection and development of library materials reflects LUMCON’s research programs. The collection has approximately:
- 4,600 monographs
- 5,800 bound volumes
- 200 journal titles
- 26 current journal subscriptions
- 850 maps
- 35 atlases
- 3,600 government documents
- 1,500 reprints
In addition, the library houses a complete collection of research products generated by DeFelice Marine Center personnel since LUMCON’s inception.
HOURS OF OPERATION
- The LUMCON Library is staffed Monday through Friday from 7:00 AM to 3:30 PM. All visitors are welcome during these hours.
- The Library is closed to the public on weekends, state holidays, and when the librarian is not on site. Before visiting the facility, please call 985-851-2875 to ensure the Library will be open.
- All LUMCON staff, summer students, and resident visitors have 24-hour access to the Library. If the doors to the Library are locked, the security guard will open them for you.
CIRCULATION
- Books can be checked out by filling out a card at the circulation desk. The length of time a book can be checked out varies depending on the patron’s status. Books may be renewed by contacting the department, but all items are subject to recall at any time.
- Interlibrary loan service is available for LUMCON faculty, postdocs, lab personnel, and summer students. Although we strive to get items at no charge, the patron may be asked to pay for interlibrary loan charges under certain circumstances.
- Reserve items, reference materials, and journals must remain in the Library. The Library has no photocopier, but copies or scans can be made in the LUMCON main office.
- All materials must be checked out before removal from the Library, without exception.
- Library materials can be placed on reserve for summer classes. A list of items to be placed on reserve should be provided to the librarian as soon as possible.
- When returning material that has been checked out, please drop off items at the circulation counter.
Food is not allowed in the Library under any circumstance. Drinks are only allowed with prior approval by the librarian or the security guard.
INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
The LUMCON Library is available as an internship site for graduate-level students who have completed at least two semesters toward a Master’s degree in Library and Information Science. Applications will be accepted on a continuing basis and internships may be completed during any semester. Prior library experience or an undergraduate degree in science is desirable, but not necessary. Credits will be awarded based on the number of person-hours completed (40 person-hours per credit hour).
The internship will consist of both field experience, encompassing many operations of a special library, and a special project in technical services. The Librarian will give the intern an overview of reference services, technical services, library administration, and budgeting, and will guide the intern through special projects. The LUMCON Library uses SIRSI/Dynix’s Symphony Integrated Library System as well as OCLC for Cataloging/Interlibrary Loan services.
Contact the Librarian for more information or to apply for an internship.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would like to thank the following individuals for their guidance and input when creating the Dispersants Bibliography:
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- Victoria Broje, Per Daling, Alun Lewis, and Francois-Xavier Merlin offered valuable assistance in the early phases of this project. Per Daling’s support was especially noteworthy, by providing conference proceedings that otherwise could not be obtained.
- Deborah Ansell, ITOPF’s librarian, contributed by sharing her sizeable list of library holdings on dispersant publications with us, and filling in gaps where existing citation information was incomplete.
- Likewise, Julie Anne Richardson, librarian for Environment Canada, compiled a publication listing on dispersants housed in her collection, which provided us with additional citations for our project.
- Qianxin Lin at Louisiana State University provided API conference proceedings for us to use in transcribing abstracts.
- Nancy Kinner at the Coastal Response Research Center provided encouragement, focus, and connected us with some of the aforementioned people.
- Finally, Don Davis and Karen Reeder Emory at OSRADP deserve special mention for all of their help and direction during the span of this project.
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The LUMCON Library is a member of the International Association of Aquatic and Marine Science Libraries and Information Centers (IAMSLIC), the Southeast Affiliate of IAMSLIC Libraries (SAIL), and the Louisiana Library Network and Information Consortium (LOUIS). Additionally, the Library has access to OCLC Cataloging/Interlibrary loan services.
Click here to search LUMCON’s e-Library catalog using the LOUIS portal.
DISPERSANTS BIBLIOGRAPHY
Total Records Found: 1944
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2002. Large-Tank Tests to Determine the Effectiveness of Corexit 9500 and Corexit 9527 Dispersants When Applied to Sakhalin Island Chayvo-6 Crude Oil on Cold and Warm Water, Houston, Tx: ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2002. Large-Tank Tests to Determine the Effectiveness of Corexit 9500 Dispersant When Applied to Terra Nova Crude Oil in Cold Water, Calgary, Alta: Petro-Canada, Inc. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2003. Dispersibility of Hibernia Crude Oil: Summary of Tests Results 1999 to 2002, Fairfax, Va: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2005. Tank Tests to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Vessel-Assisted Chemical Dispersion in Ice, Houston, Tx: ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2005. Study to Assess the Cooling of Warm Viscous Oils Spilled into Cold Water, Herndon, Va: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service. 9p.. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd.; A. Lewis Oil Spill Consultancy; MAR Incorporated. 2005. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing: Relating Results from Ohmsett with At-Sea Tests, Herndon, Va: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service. 82p. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Dispersant for Viscous Oils, Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Energy. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing in Ice - Project Report, Houston, Tx: ExxonMobil Upstream Research. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2003. Dispersant Effectivenss Testing on Alaskan Oils in Cold Water, Ottawa, Ont:: S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 86p..
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Calm Sea Application of Dispersants, Herndon, Va: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service. 45p.. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Completion of Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Terra Nova and White Rose Crude Oils at Ohmsett, Calgary, Alta: Petro-Canada, Inc.; Hunt Oil Co. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd.; MAR Incorporated. 2006. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing in Cold Water on Four Alaskan Crude Oils, Ottawa, Ont: S.L. Ross Environmental Research and MAR, Inc. 50p.. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Chayvo Z-6 Crude Oil in Cold Water and Ice at Ohmsett, Houston, Tx: ExxonMobil Upstream Research. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing with the Diversion-Boom Concept Using the Ohmsett Facilities, Houston, Tx: ExxonMobil Upstream Research. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Dispersant Effectiveness Tests in the SL Ross Wave Tank Using Corexit 9500 and ED5 Dispersant, Houston, Tx: ExxonMobil Upstream Research. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Small-Scale Evaluation of the Dispersion of Chayvo Crude Oil after Extended Low-Energy Soak Times, Houston, Tx: ExxonMobil Upstream Research. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2006. Spill Related Properties and Dispersant Effectiveness Testing for Two Belanak Crude Oils, Jakarta: ConocoPhillips Indonesia. (no page information available).
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd.; A. Lewis Oil Spill Consultancy; MAR Incorporated. 2006. Chemical Dispersibility of OCS Crude Oils in Non-Breaking Waves, Herndon, Va: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service. 41p.. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd.; A. Lewis Oil Spill Consultancy; MAR Incorporated. 2006. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing On Water-In-Oil Emulsions at Ohmsett, Herndon, Va: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service. 34p.. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2003. Final Report on Research on Powered Activated Carbon to Remove Dissolved Oil Spill Dispersants from Ohmsett Basin Water, Ottawa, Ont: S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 40p.. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. 2004. Final Report: Examining the Fate of Emulsion Breakers Used for Decanting, Herndon, Va: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service. 96 p. URL
S.L. Ross Environmental Research Ltd. et al. 1992. State-of-the-Art Review: Emulsion Breaking Chemicals, Calgary, Atla: Canadian Petroleum Association. (no page information available).
Sach, G. 1984. Experimental investigations about effects of crude oil and dispersed crude oil in tidal flat environments. XI. Copepoda (Harpacticoidea). Senckenbergiana Maritima, 16 (1-6): 171-195. ISSN: 0080-889X.
Abstract
Oil and oil/dispersant mixtures were tested in field and laboratory tests to determine toxicity in copepods. Compared to oil exposures, dispersed oil (1:10 dispersant/oil combinations) had more pronounced effects on the organisms in the laboratory, with 20 hour LT50 values for direct contamination and 55 hour LT50 rates for indirect contamination of sediments. In field experiments, introduction of dispersed oil caused initial reductions in numbers of organisms, followed by a relatively swift recovery. Normal numbers were reestablished in 27 days, as opposed to 66 days for undispersed oil. Juvenile copepods appeared to be more seriously affected by exposure than adults
Oil and oil/dispersant mixtures were tested in field and laboratory tests to determine toxicity in copepods. Compared to oil exposures, dispersed oil (1:10 dispersant/oil combinations) had more pronounced effects on the organisms in the laboratory, with 20 hour LT50 values for direct contamination and 55 hour LT50 rates for indirect contamination of sediments. In field experiments, introduction of dispersed oil caused initial reductions in numbers of organisms, followed by a relatively swift recovery. Normal numbers were reestablished in 27 days, as opposed to 66 days for undispersed oil. Juvenile copepods appeared to be more seriously affected by exposure than adults
Sach, G. 1984. Experimental investigations about the effects of crude oil and dispersed crude oil in tidal flat environments. XII. Nematoda. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 16 (1-6): 197-223. ISSN: 0080-889X.
Abstract
Over the course of several months, two areas with separate sedimentary structures (one muddy and the other consisting of fine sand) were used to monitor the effects of oil/dispersant mixtures on nematodes. In the muddy area, the oil/dispersant mixture was found to affect only Laimella longicaudata, a species sensitive to crude oil. The sandy area resulted significant decreases in nematodes were seen at the surface layer (0-1 cm), middle (1-2 cm) and deep (2-4 cm) layers. At the surface, three of the commonest species (Ascolaimus elongates, Metachromadora vivipara and Paracanthonchus caecus) were reduced, with a rare species (Daptonema riemanni) becoming most abundant, possibly migrating up from deeper layers of sediment
Over the course of several months, two areas with separate sedimentary structures (one muddy and the other consisting of fine sand) were used to monitor the effects of oil/dispersant mixtures on nematodes. In the muddy area, the oil/dispersant mixture was found to affect only Laimella longicaudata, a species sensitive to crude oil. The sandy area resulted significant decreases in nematodes were seen at the surface layer (0-1 cm), middle (1-2 cm) and deep (2-4 cm) layers. At the surface, three of the commonest species (Ascolaimus elongates, Metachromadora vivipara and Paracanthonchus caecus) were reduced, with a rare species (Daptonema riemanni) becoming most abundant, possibly migrating up from deeper layers of sediment
Salt, D.; Stockham, R.; Byers, S. 2003. Technical innovation in light aircraft dispersant application system. In IOSC 2003 Prevention, Preparedness, Response and Restoration, Perspectives for a Cleaner Environment: April 6-11, 2003, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 269-272. URL
Abstract
Recent changes in legislation within the United Kingdom created pressure for change in the response strategies applicable in the UK offshore environment. To meet the new requirements, innovative technology was required which was capable of speedily delivering a payload of approximately one ton dispersant. To provide a cost efficient solution, a system was developed capable of being mounted on a non-dedicated aircraft, which can be rapidly adapted to meet the response requirements. This paper describes the design criteria for the system and goes on to detail the development, construction and flight testing programme for the development, construction and flight testing programme for the dispersant pods. It then goes on to briefly describe the operational response system which has been established to provide a response of the offshore operators in the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS). The development represents a significant step forward in providing a low cost, effective solution to changing response requirements using innovative engineering solutions, allowing for potential application in other parts of the world
© 2003 with permission from APIRecent changes in legislation within the United Kingdom created pressure for change in the response strategies applicable in the UK offshore environment. To meet the new requirements, innovative technology was required which was capable of speedily delivering a payload of approximately one ton dispersant. To provide a cost efficient solution, a system was developed capable of being mounted on a non-dedicated aircraft, which can be rapidly adapted to meet the response requirements. This paper describes the design criteria for the system and goes on to detail the development, construction and flight testing programme for the development, construction and flight testing programme for the dispersant pods. It then goes on to briefly describe the operational response system which has been established to provide a response of the offshore operators in the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS). The development represents a significant step forward in providing a low cost, effective solution to changing response requirements using innovative engineering solutions, allowing for potential application in other parts of the world
Salt, D. 2001. Aerial dispersant spraying: a daylight-only tool?. In 2001 International Oil Spill Conference: Global Strategies for Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Restoration: March 26-29, 2001, Tampa Convention Center, Tampa, Florida, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 1223-1225. URL
Abstract
Aerial dispersant is a major response tool that is used throughout the world and continues to gain acceptance even in those countries that previously were completely opposed to it. Pressure is mounting in certain areas of the world to extend the window of opportunity of dispersant use to 24-hour operations. The paper reviews the practical problems of night use of aerial dispersant delivery systems, and identifies systems and assesses potential performance. It addresses the issues of the safety of low-level operation of spray aircraft at night, the reduction of efficiency of night spraying, and how to overcome some of the problems. It examines the protocols and procedures that must be developed as a safety check on any such operations to reduce the risks. Considering the overall risks and rewards, the final question is posed: Is the nighttime use of aerial spraying aircraft a realistic, safe, and effective response to an oil spill, or should the aerial application of dispersants be considered a daytime-only activity
© 2001 with permission from APIAerial dispersant is a major response tool that is used throughout the world and continues to gain acceptance even in those countries that previously were completely opposed to it. Pressure is mounting in certain areas of the world to extend the window of opportunity of dispersant use to 24-hour operations. The paper reviews the practical problems of night use of aerial dispersant delivery systems, and identifies systems and assesses potential performance. It addresses the issues of the safety of low-level operation of spray aircraft at night, the reduction of efficiency of night spraying, and how to overcome some of the problems. It examines the protocols and procedures that must be developed as a safety check on any such operations to reduce the risks. Considering the overall risks and rewards, the final question is posed: Is the nighttime use of aerial spraying aircraft a realistic, safe, and effective response to an oil spill, or should the aerial application of dispersants be considered a daytime-only activity
Salt, D. 2004. The development and introduction of a Regional Tier 2 aerial dispersant service in West Africa. In Proceedings of the Interspill 2004 Conference, Trondheim, Norway (CD-ROM), Horten, Norway: Norwegian Oil Spill Control Association (NOSCA). 4p..
Salt, D. 2001. Recent trends of improvement and application of dispersants and new technologies. In Oil Spill Symposium 2001, Tokyo: Petroleum Association of Japan. 5p. URL
Savard, J.P.; Rivet, C.; Lau, W.; Mackay, D. 1984. Desirability of chemical dispersion of oil spills in the St. Lawrence estuary. In Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Arctic Marine Oil Spill Program Technical Seminar: June 14-16, 1984, Edmonton, Alberta, Ottawa, Ont: Environmental Protection Service, Environmental Emergency. pp. 243-256.
Sawada, N.; Ohtsu, H. 1975. Inhibitory effects of oil dispersants on the fertilization of sea urchin eggs. Memoirs of the Ehime University. Secion II, Natural Science. Series B (Biology), 7 97-100. ISSN: 0422-7700.
Scarlett, A. et al. 2005. Comparative toxicity of two oil dispersants, Superdispersant-25 and Corexit 9527, to a range of coastal species. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 24 (5): 1219-1227. ISSN: 0730-7268. doi:10.1897/04-334R.1.
Abstract
In these experiments, the toxicities of Corexit 9527 and Superdispersant-25 were compared over a range of species including the amphipod Corophium volutator (Pallas), the common mussel Mytilus edulis (L.), the anemone Anemonia viridis (Forskål), and the seagrass Zostera marina (L.). LC50, EC50, and lowest-observable-effect concentration (LOEC) values were obtained after 48-h static dispersant concentrations. The ability of organisms to recover for 72 h after exposure was also invesitigated. LOECs for anemones were 20 ppm, the most succeptible organism, and 250 ppm for mussels, the most resilient of the test species. Superdispersant-25 was less toxic than Corexit 9527, and its sublethal effects were more likely to be reversible after short-term exposure to marine organisms
In these experiments, the toxicities of Corexit 9527 and Superdispersant-25 were compared over a range of species including the amphipod Corophium volutator (Pallas), the common mussel Mytilus edulis (L.), the anemone Anemonia viridis (Forskål), and the seagrass Zostera marina (L.). LC50, EC50, and lowest-observable-effect concentration (LOEC) values were obtained after 48-h static dispersant concentrations. The ability of organisms to recover for 72 h after exposure was also invesitigated. LOECs for anemones were 20 ppm, the most succeptible organism, and 250 ppm for mussels, the most resilient of the test species. Superdispersant-25 was less toxic than Corexit 9527, and its sublethal effects were more likely to be reversible after short-term exposure to marine organisms
Scelfo, G.M.; Tjeerdema, R.S. 1991. A simple method for determination of Corexit 9527 in natural waters. Marine Environmental Research, 31 (1): 69-78. ISSN: 0141-1136. doi:10.1016/0141-1136(91)90006-T.
Abstract
A method for determination of Corexit 9527® in natural waters was developed to meet the demand for effective monitoring of anionic surfactant-based oil spill dispersants. Incorporating ion-pair formation with bis(ethylenediamine) copper(II), extraction of the complex into methylisobutylketone, and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, the method is suitable for a concentration range of 2 to 100 mg/liter, with precision as low as 5% relative standard deviation for samples in the mid- to high-range. Only a small sample volume is required (10 ml), allowing rapid analysis of multiple samples and providing sensitivity in the range most required for monitoring during the first few hours after application, when toxic impacts are most probable. Sensitivity may be substantially increased for trace analysis by increasing sample volume. Overall, the method is simple, rapid, sensitive within the range required for monitoring, requires a small sample volume, and is suitable for both marine and fresh waters
Reprinted from Marine Environmental Research, Volume 31, G.M. Scelfo, R.S. Tjeerdema, Copyright 1991, with permission from ElsevierA method for determination of Corexit 9527® in natural waters was developed to meet the demand for effective monitoring of anionic surfactant-based oil spill dispersants. Incorporating ion-pair formation with bis(ethylenediamine) copper(II), extraction of the complex into methylisobutylketone, and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, the method is suitable for a concentration range of 2 to 100 mg/liter, with precision as low as 5% relative standard deviation for samples in the mid- to high-range. Only a small sample volume is required (10 ml), allowing rapid analysis of multiple samples and providing sensitivity in the range most required for monitoring during the first few hours after application, when toxic impacts are most probable. Sensitivity may be substantially increased for trace analysis by increasing sample volume. Overall, the method is simple, rapid, sensitive within the range required for monitoring, requires a small sample volume, and is suitable for both marine and fresh waters
Schalin, L.O. 1987. Rules and guidelines for the approval procedure for the use of oil spill dispersants. In Seminar on Oil Pollution Questions: 19-20 November 1986, Norrköping, Sweden, Helsinki: Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission. pp. 218-230.
Schallier, R.; Resby, J.L.M.; Merlin, F.X. 2004. Tricolor incident: oil pollution monitoring and modelling in support of Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA). In Proceedings of the Interspill 2004 Conference, Trondheim, Norway (CD-ROM), Horten, Norway: Norwegian Oil Spill Control Association (NOSCA). 21p..
Scherrer, P.; Blasco, F.; Imbert, D. 1989. In situ experimental study of the toxicity of crude oil and two additives towards Rhizophora mangle plants. Environmental Technology Letters, 10 (3): 323-332. ISSN: 0143-2060.
Abstract
Red mangrove seedlings were planted in oiled plots and growth of the plant was observed. Results indicate that regeneration is possible in spite of high pollution levels. Toxic effects were probably amplified by climatic stresses. The addition of a bioactivator and a dispersant possibly increased toxicity in the short-term, but toxic effects rapidly decreased over time
Red mangrove seedlings were planted in oiled plots and growth of the plant was observed. Results indicate that regeneration is possible in spite of high pollution levels. Toxic effects were probably amplified by climatic stresses. The addition of a bioactivator and a dispersant possibly increased toxicity in the short-term, but toxic effects rapidly decreased over time
Scholten, M.; Kuiper, J. 1987. The effects of oil and chemically dispersed oil on natural phytoplankton communities. In Proceedings: 1987 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), April 6-9, 1987, Baltimore, Maryland, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 255-257.
Abstract
The effects of various crude oils and chemically dispersed oil on natural phytoplankton communities were tested in several experiments using marine mesocosms. Elevated algal biomass concentrations were found in most of the experiments, despite the long-term inhibition of primary productivity per unit chlorophyll. This result is due to reduced grazing upon algae as a consequence of oil-induced mortality of copepods or bivalves. A rapid succession from a diatom-dominated algae community to one dominated by microflagellates can be observed after an oil spill, owing to the more rapid exhaustion of silicate. If silicate is not being exhausted, a prolonged abundance of diatoms is observed. Treatment of oil with dispersant generally will aggravate effects, because of high dissolved oil concentrations in the water
© 1987 with permission from APIThe effects of various crude oils and chemically dispersed oil on natural phytoplankton communities were tested in several experiments using marine mesocosms. Elevated algal biomass concentrations were found in most of the experiments, despite the long-term inhibition of primary productivity per unit chlorophyll. This result is due to reduced grazing upon algae as a consequence of oil-induced mortality of copepods or bivalves. A rapid succession from a diatom-dominated algae community to one dominated by microflagellates can be observed after an oil spill, owing to the more rapid exhaustion of silicate. If silicate is not being exhausted, a prolonged abundance of diatoms is observed. Treatment of oil with dispersant generally will aggravate effects, because of high dissolved oil concentrations in the water
Scholten, M.; Kuiper, J.; van het Groenewoud, H.; Hoornsman, G.; van der Vlies, L. 1987. The effects of oil and chemically dispersed oil on natural phytoplankton communities. Fate and Effects of Oil in Marine Ecosystems: Proceedings of the Conference on Oil Pollution, Boston, Ma: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 173-185. ISBN: 9024734894.
Abstract
The effects of oil or chemically dispersed oil on the functioning of phytoplankton communities are discussed with respect to the findings of mesocosm experiments using model plankton systems for model tidal flat systems. Primary production is considered in terms of nutrient economy or grazing pressure. Observations on a North Sea plankton community during an oil spill are used as field verification of the mesocosm experiments
© CSA, 1987The effects of oil or chemically dispersed oil on the functioning of phytoplankton communities are discussed with respect to the findings of mesocosm experiments using model plankton systems for model tidal flat systems. Primary production is considered in terms of nutrient economy or grazing pressure. Observations on a North Sea plankton community during an oil spill are used as field verification of the mesocosm experiments
Scholz, D.; Walker, A.H.; Kucklick, J.H. 2001. Environmental Considerations for Marine Oil Spill Response, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. 322p..
Scholz, D.K. et al. 1999. Fate of Spilled Oil in Marine Waters: Where Does it Go, What Does it Do, How Do Dispersants Affect It?, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. 43p. URL
Scholz, D.K. et al. 1999. A Decision-Maker's Guide to Dispersants: A Review of the Theory and Operational Requirements, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. 38p.. URL
Scholz, D.K. et al. 1999. Aligning expectation and reality: a summary of dispersant risk communication issues. In Beyond 2000, Balancing Perspectives: Proceedings: 1999 International Oil Spill Conference: March 8-11, 1999, Seattle, Washington, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 585-590.
Abstract
The potential and perceived environmental risks associated with dispersant use have been addressed by many scientific studies costing millions of dollars and tens of thousands of research hours. Nevertheless, decision-makers still have many diverse and contradictory viewpoints, which can impede their ability to evaluate and reach consensus on the actual risks associated with this countermeasure. In an attempt to resolve the problem in a different way, a new approach was formulated, based on the following hypothesis: The inability to create a solid foundation for dispersant decision support is based not only on limitations to scientific information, but also on the wide differences in the way people understand and interpret this information. In other words, a critical aspect of improved decision-making for dispersants is related to good risk communication, not more natural science studies. In 1994, industry initiated a research project to test this hypothesis and define the critical risk communication factors for dispersant decision making. This paper presents a summary of the identified dispersant risk communication issues. Building upon previous papers which described the project methodology and analytical results, this paper presents the risk communication messages which need to be shared with decision-makers and the public. This information promotes a technically sound, clear, and common framework for evaluating the ecological risks associated with dispersant use in marine waters
© 1999 with permission from APIThe potential and perceived environmental risks associated with dispersant use have been addressed by many scientific studies costing millions of dollars and tens of thousands of research hours. Nevertheless, decision-makers still have many diverse and contradictory viewpoints, which can impede their ability to evaluate and reach consensus on the actual risks associated with this countermeasure. In an attempt to resolve the problem in a different way, a new approach was formulated, based on the following hypothesis: The inability to create a solid foundation for dispersant decision support is based not only on limitations to scientific information, but also on the wide differences in the way people understand and interpret this information. In other words, a critical aspect of improved decision-making for dispersants is related to good risk communication, not more natural science studies. In 1994, industry initiated a research project to test this hypothesis and define the critical risk communication factors for dispersant decision making. This paper presents a summary of the identified dispersant risk communication issues. Building upon previous papers which described the project methodology and analytical results, this paper presents the risk communication messages which need to be shared with decision-makers and the public. This information promotes a technically sound, clear, and common framework for evaluating the ecological risks associated with dispersant use in marine waters
Science and Policy Associates, Inc. 1995. MSRC Workshop Report: Research on the Ecological Effects of Dispersants and Dispersed Oil, February 24-25, 1995, Washington, D.C: Marine Spill Response Corporation. 34p.
Scientific and Environmental Associates. 1995. The Use of Chemical Countermeasure Product Data for Oil Spill Planning and Response: Workshop Proceedings, April 4-6, 1995, Xerox Document University and Conference Center, Leesburg, VA, Alexandria, Va: Scientific and Environmental Associates. Volume 1. 81p..
Scott, B.F.; Glooschenko, V. 1984. Impact of oil and oil-dispersant mixtures on flora and water chemistry parameters in freshwater ponds. Science of the Total Environment, 35 (2): 169-190. ISSN: 0048-9697. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(84)90061-5.
Abstract
A series of constructed ponds were used to study the effects of oil (100 ppm) and oil/dispersant mixtures (20 ppm) on freshwater biota. Oil/dispersant-treated ponds showed changes in the dominant algae when concentrations of oil were above 2 ppm in the water column. Concentrations below 2 ppm had no observed effect on the algal community. When compared to control, the oil/dispersant treated ponds had 3 times the amount of periphyton biomass, with the growth attributed to one genus. The amount of periphytic material remained in one of the oil/dispersant treatment ponds after one year, even though a second treated pond showed levels similar to control at the end of this period. Initial decreases in dissolved oxygen were noted for the water in oil/dispersant treated ponds, although DO levels rose slightly above control weeks later. In late winter, anoxic zones above the sediment were found in oil/dispersant treated ponds. In spring, these ponds had half the concentrations of nitrate ions, when compared to oil treatment and control
A series of constructed ponds were used to study the effects of oil (100 ppm) and oil/dispersant mixtures (20 ppm) on freshwater biota. Oil/dispersant-treated ponds showed changes in the dominant algae when concentrations of oil were above 2 ppm in the water column. Concentrations below 2 ppm had no observed effect on the algal community. When compared to control, the oil/dispersant treated ponds had 3 times the amount of periphyton biomass, with the growth attributed to one genus. The amount of periphytic material remained in one of the oil/dispersant treatment ponds after one year, even though a second treated pond showed levels similar to control at the end of this period. Initial decreases in dissolved oxygen were noted for the water in oil/dispersant treated ponds, although DO levels rose slightly above control weeks later. In late winter, anoxic zones above the sediment were found in oil/dispersant treated ponds. In spring, these ponds had half the concentrations of nitrate ions, when compared to oil treatment and control
Scott, B.F.; Nagy, E.; Dutka, B.J. 1984. The fate and impact of oil and oil-dispersant mixtures in freshwater pond ecosystems: introduction. Science of the Total Environment, 35 (2): 105-113. ISSN: 0048-9697. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(84)90057-3.
Abstract
This paper describes the methodology of freshwater pond experiments and summarizes the findings reported in other papers published in the same issue of this journal
This paper describes the methodology of freshwater pond experiments and summarizes the findings reported in other papers published in the same issue of this journal
Scott, B.F.; Wade, P.J.; Taylor, W.D. 1984. Impact of oil and oil-dispersant mixtures on the fauna of freshwater ponds. Science of the Total Environment, 35 (2): 191-206. ISSN: 0048-9697. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(84)90062-7.
Abstract
In a series of constructed ponds, two ponds were treated with mixture of oil (100 ppm) and dispersant (20 ppm) and monitored over one year. The treatment initially eliminated mesozooplankton populations, although levels were normalized at the end of the study. Protozoan genera Halteria and Strobilidium disappeared upon treatment, but the former reappeared by the following spring. Other protozoans either were not affected zooflagellates) or increased after treatment (thecamoebae). Surface insects were eliminated, but had recolonized the following spring. Nekton were also negatively impacted by the initial exposure of the oil/dispersant mixture
In a series of constructed ponds, two ponds were treated with mixture of oil (100 ppm) and dispersant (20 ppm) and monitored over one year. The treatment initially eliminated mesozooplankton populations, although levels were normalized at the end of the study. Protozoan genera Halteria and Strobilidium disappeared upon treatment, but the former reappeared by the following spring. Other protozoans either were not affected zooflagellates) or increased after treatment (thecamoebae). Surface insects were eliminated, but had recolonized the following spring. Nekton were also negatively impacted by the initial exposure of the oil/dispersant mixture
Scott, B.F. et al. 1979. Ecological effects of oil-dispersant mixtures in fresh water. In Proceedings of the 1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los Angeles, Ca., March 1979, Washington, D.C: American Petroleum Institute. pp. 565-571.
Abstract
A series of spills using oil and dispersant was begun July 5, 1978 in a set of artificial freshwater ponds. Prior to the spills, the ponds had been allowed to stabilize and the water as well as a number of biological components including zooplankton, phytoplankton, bacteria, and fungi was regularly monitored. These parameters also were determined regularly after the spill as was the distribution of the stressing agents. The short-term results, encompassing the observations made for 55 days following the spills, indicate that the oil-dispersant mixture affects the zooplankton, phytoplankton, bacteria, fungi, and dissolved oxygen to a greater degree than oil alone. Also, in the oil-dispersant ponds there was an enhancement of the dissolved reactive silica values relative to the oiled and control ponds
© 1979 with permission from APIA series of spills using oil and dispersant was begun July 5, 1978 in a set of artificial freshwater ponds. Prior to the spills, the ponds had been allowed to stabilize and the water as well as a number of biological components including zooplankton, phytoplankton, bacteria, and fungi was regularly monitored. These parameters also were determined regularly after the spill as was the distribution of the stressing agents. The short-term results, encompassing the observations made for 55 days following the spills, indicate that the oil-dispersant mixture affects the zooplankton, phytoplankton, bacteria, fungi, and dissolved oxygen to a greater degree than oil alone. Also, in the oil-dispersant ponds there was an enhancement of the dissolved reactive silica values relative to the oiled and control ponds
Scott, B.F. et al. 1982. Impact of Oil and Oil-Dispersant Mixtures on Freshwater Pond Ecosystems, Burlington, Ont: National Water Research Institute, Inland Waters Directorate, Canada Centre for Inland Waters. 71p. ISBN: 0662122933.
Seakem Oceanography Ltd. 1988. Field Test of Two Spill Treating Agents, Dartmouth, N.S: Seakem Oceanography Ltd. 70p.. URL
Sekerah, A.; Foy, M. 1978. Acute lethal toxicity of Corexit 9527/Prudhoe Bay crude oil mixtures to selected Arctic invertebrates. Spill Technology Newsletter, 3 (2): 37-41. ISSN: 0381-4459.
This database consists of citations found in journals, conference proceedings, government reports and gray literature covering over 40 years of published research on oil spill dispersants. Citations were collected from 1960 through June 2008. This bibliography was compiled and edited by John Conover, Associate Librarian at LUMCON, and funded by a grant from the Louisiana Applied and Educational Oil Spill Research and Development Program (OSRADP).
EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Quarterly Issues
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Compilations
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- Biology
- Ecological, anatomical, and physiological effects of oil and/or gas, Species as biomarkers, PAH uptake and bioaccumulation, etc.
- Chemistry/Geochemistry/Geology
- Biochemistry, Biodegradation, Bioremediation, Hydrocarbon degradation, Environmental sampling, Soil contamination, etc.
- Engineering/Physics
- Technological advancements in facility/equipment design and use, Spill response and recovery equipment, Physical properties of oil and gas, etc.
- Environment/Ecosystem Management/Spills
- Environmental assessment and management, Oil and/or gas spill description and analysis, etc.
- Socioeconomic/Regulation/General
- Social and economic ramifications, Politics, Governmental policy and legislation, Organizational policy, General interest, etc.
Giessing, Anders M. B.; Mayer, Lawrence M.; Forbes, Thomas L. 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide as the major aqueous pyrene metabolite in tissue and gut fluid from the marine deposit-feeding polychaete Nereis diversicolor. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2003;
Volume 22 (5): 1107-1114. ISSN: 0730-7268.
Phase I and phase II metabolites were identified in a species of polychaete after exposing the organism to pyrene. It is believed that 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide, the only phase I metabolite of pyrene in this species, is a useful biomarker for PAH exposure.
Lichtfouse, E.; Eglinton, T.I. 13C and 14C evidence of pollution of a soil by fossil fuel and reconstruction of the composition of the pollutant. Organic Geochemistry, October 1995;
Volume 23 (10): 969-973. ISSN: 0146-6380.
Researchers use 13C/12C ratios, the 14C age and relative concentrations to assess the origins of n-alkanes in a polluted soil
Johannesen, J. et al. 3D oil migration modelling of the Jurassic petroleum system of the Stratfjord area, Norwegian North Sea. Petroleum Geoscience, 2002;
Volume 8 (1): 37-50. ISSN: 1354-0793.
This modelling study enabled researchers to determine the vertical and lateral migration of hydrocarbons over time, and to conclude that present-day resources are the result of a multi-layered, multi-directional migrating system originating from three separate fields.
Kong, Vincent W. T.; Smethurst, J.; Chiem, B. H.; Stewart, R. C.; Teh, G. H. 3D marine exploration seismic survey in shallow water area, offshore Sabah. Warta Geologi [Newsletter of the Geological Society of Malaysia], 1989;
Volume 15
Rowson, Chris. 4C seismic technology makes mark in Caspian Sea. Offshore, 2003;
Volume 63 (5): 50. ISSN: 0030-0608.
Continued investments in oil exploration in the Caspian Sea and the surrounding region has resulted in the use of modern exploration methods. Geophysical surveys that consist of (4C) 3D seismic surveys are being used to improve imaging of the subsurface.
Schmidt, Victor A. 2-D seismic vessels for 3-D missions: old 2-D vessels can be used in new, more productive ways, serving vessel owners, oil companies. Sea Technology, September 1994;
Volume 35 (9): 15-22. ISSN: 0093-3651.
Schmidt reports on the status of the geophysical exploration industry and examines the 2-D versus 3-D vessel problem
Taylor, Susan. 0.45- to 1.1-æm spectra of Prudhoe crude oil and of beach materials in Prince William Sound, Alaska, [Hanover, NJ]. US Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory: 1992;
Volume Special Report (U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory) (92-5): 14 p..
1993 final work plan: Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration, Anchorage, AK. The Trustees: [1993];
A plan of action is outlined regarding remediation of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill
LaBelle, R. P.; Galt, J. A.; Tennyson, E. J.; McGrattan, K. B. 1993 Spill off Tampa Bay, a candidate for burning?. Proceedings: Seventeenth Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program Technical Seminar, Ottawa. Environment Canada: 1994;
Volume 1 635-649.
Authors describe the general behavior and movements of the spilled oil and the sea and weather conditions during and following the August 10, 1993 collision of the Tank Barge Ocean 255 and the Tank Barge Bouchard B-155 with the freighter Balsa 37 in Tampa Bay, Florida. In addition, discussed is the possibility of removing the oil by in-situ burning, and the results of smoke plume model runs
3D seismic yields more oil for Oryx off Texas. Oil and Gas Journal, 8-Nov-93;
Volume 91 33. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Reported is confirmation of a 25-30 million bbl oil discovery in the Gulf of Mexico by Oryx Energy, Dallas, employing a 3D seismic survey
1991 Oil Spill Conference Proceedings, March 1991, American Petroleum Institute: 1991;
Volume American Petroleum Institute Publications (4529):
1991 oil spill conference papers sought. Ocean Science News, April 10, 1990;
Volume 32 (10): 5.
1971 oil pollution compensation fund wound up. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2000;
Volume 40 (12): 1068. ISSN: 0025-326X.
A protocol was recently signed for the ending of the IOPC Fund, which is replaced by a Fund agreed on in 1992. The latter Fund allows for higher compensation for parties affected by oil pollution.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game. 1991 state/federal natural resource damage assessment and restoration plan for the Exxon Valdez oil spill, Juneau, AK. Trustee Council: 1991;
Anon. 700,000 gallons of oil spilled in Texas. Environmental Protection News, September 8, 1990;
Volume 5 (17): 4.
Cedar-Southworth, Donna. 1995 promises good opportunities for offshore operators. MMS Today, Feb-95;
Volume 5 (1): 7-Jun.
Hank Bartholomew, Deputy Associate Director for Offshore Operations, discusses some of the high priorities for 1995, including interaction with states on oill spill response, OHMSETT plans, and training and safety programs
Hull, Jennifer Pallanich. 40 rigs at work in water depths over 1,000 feet. Offshore, 2001;
Volume 61 (2): 16. ISSN: 0030-0608.
The Minerals Management Service sees the amount of deepwater drilling activity as a good indication for potential economic growth in the Gulf of Mexico region.
Knott, D. 10 years on from Exxon Valdez spill. Oil & Gas Journal, March 22, 1999;
Volume 97 (12): 45. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Greenpeace campaigner, Matthew Spencer, told Oil & Gas Journal that 10 years after the Exxon Valdez spill the important issue was whether or not the politicians were doing a better job of regulating the oil industry. Archie Smith, Chief Executive of Oil Spill Response Ltd. of the U.K., said 'the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 which arose because of the Exxon Valdez spill, increased the industry's understanding of the risks and preparedness for dealing with spills'
Neil, Chris. 2003 shows spot cargoes, tankers to dictate US LNG supplies, not terminal
capacities. Oil & Gas Journal, 2004;
Volume 102 (12): 70-72. ISSN: 0030-1388.
Data presented in this article shows an increase in LNG spot cargo imports to the US for 2002 and 2003. Analysts predict that this trend will not continue for 2004 and 2005 based on the costs of regasification versus market prices for gas.
U.S. Geological Survey, National Oil and Gas Resource Assessment Team. 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources: overview of the 1995 National Assessment of Potential Additions to Technically Recoverable Resources of Oil and Gas--Onshore and State Waters of the United States. Denver, CO. USGS Information Services: 1995;
Volume Circular 1118 20 p..
This circular is the fourth in a series of systematic assessments of undiscovered oil and gas in the United States
This bibliography is a quarterly compilation of current publications (citations with abstracts) from a wide variety of electronic and print information sources relating to offshore oil and gas development. It is compiled and edited by John Conover, Associate Librarian at LUMCON. Items listed may or may not be available at the LUMCON Library. Items without annotations were unavailable for perusal prior to publication.
All questions about using library facilities, locating library resources, or searching LUMCON catalogs should be directed to the Librarian.